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Connect the World
Malala Begins Long Road To Recovery; UK Government Overturns Extradition Of Hacker To U.S.; Violence Mars England U21 Win Over Serbia
Aired October 16, 2012 - 16:00 ET
THIS IS A RUSH TRANSCRIPT. THIS COPY MAY NOT BE IN ITS FINAL FORM AND MAY BE UPDATED.
BECKY ANDERSON, HOST: Defiant in the face of violence.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
REZA SAYAH, CNN INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: Do you regret standing up against the Taliban now that you've been hurt?
KAINAT AHMED, INJURED IN TALIBAN ATTACK (through translator): No, sir, I don't regret it. God willing, I will continue my education.
(END VIDEO CLIP)
ANDERSON: Live from CNN London, this is Connect the World with Becky Anderson.
SAYAH: Well, as doctors treating a Pakistani schoolgirl shot by the Taliban said they are optimistic, tonight on Connect the World, one of her fellow victims of the attack talks exclusively to CNN.
Also this hour...
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: How are you feeling about tonight?
BARACK OBAMA, PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES: I feel fabulous, look at this beautiful day.
(END VIDEO CLIP)
ANDERSON: Cool, but feeling the heat just hours away from a crucial U.S. presidential debate.
And as violence seems in Serbia overshadow a win for England's young lions. Is football racism rearing its ugly head once again?
An attack on all civilized people, that is how Pakistan's president today described last week's shooting of a 14-year-old schoolgirl. Malala Yousafzai was targeted by the Taliban simply because she fought for an education.
Well tonight, after being flown out of Pakistan, she's spending a second night in a British hospital where doctors say they are optimistic she'll recover.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
DR. DAVE ROSSER, MEDICAL DIRECTOR, UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS BIRMINGHAM: We've still got some detailed assessments to undertake from very specialist teams who may be involved later on down the line, but we are very pleased with the progress she's made so far. She's showing every sign of being just every bit of strong as we've been lead to believe that she is.
(END VIDEO CLIP)
ANDERSON: Well, it's easy to forget that Malala wasn't the only girl shot in that attack on a school van last Tuesday. CNN's Reza Sayah spoke exclusively to another of the victims.
REZA SAYAH, CNN INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: Becky, obviously most of the attention and publicity has been going to Malala Yousafzai after this brutal attack last week, but two other girls were also shot in this attack by Taliban gunmen. We met with and spoke to one of those teenage girls. And we also saw Malala's school on a visit to her hometown.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
SAYAH: The city of Mengora (ph) in Pakistan's scenic Swat Valley. This is the region the Taliban took over in 2008, forcing shut, then blowing up girl's schools, threatening to kill anyone who stood in their way. This is also where Malala Yousafzai and her classmate Kainat Ahmed defied the Taliban by going to school anyway. Kainat was seated next to Malala when Taliban gunmen stopped their school van and opened fire. One of the bullets hit Kainat in the arm.
In her hospital room, a mob of reporters shove their way through for a glimpse of Kainat's 10 minute visit with Pakistan's interior minister.
Do you regret standing up against the Taliban now that you've been hurt?
AHMED (through translator): No, sir, I don't regret it. God willing, I will continue my education.
SAYAH: What do you want the world to know?
AHMED (through translator): Girl's education here is more important than boy's, because boys can have any jobs they want here, but girls cannot. I want to tell all the girls to continue their mission to get an education.
SAYAH: All right. We have left Kainat in the hospital. We're heading to Malala's school. And we are really racing at high speeds in an armed convoy. And it shows you even though the government says they've cleared the Taliban out of this region, there's still a lot of safety concerns.
We've arrived at Malala's school. This is where Kainat went to school as well and so did Shazia, the other schoolgirl who was hurt. When the Taliban took over this region, this was one of the few girls schools that remained open. The head master was Malala's father. He essentially said, no, we're staying open.
Much of what Malala learned was in classrooms here. Despite the attack on students here, the school opened three days after the shooting.
How can you take practical steps to make sure these little girls are safe?
REHMAN MALIK, PAKISTANI INTERIOR MINISTER: We are taking practical steps. We have to change the mindset. It's the mindset we need to change. And the first practical step is to take action against these Zalman (ph), these terrorists.
SAYAH: Malala's picture is everywhere here. Here's Malala with a couple of politicians. Here's Malala standing next to the prime minister. And this is the principle's office who was also Malala's father Ziao Usain Yousafzai (ph). Today it's sitting empty because he is in England with his daughter facing the unimaginable ordeal of knowing his daughter is fighting for her life.
Reza Sayah, CNN, Swat Valley, Pakistan.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
ANDERSON: To some of us it's simply bewildering that in this day and age girls like Malala have to fight for an education. Surely every child should have the right to learn. Well, sadly, that is simply not the case. Across the globe, 71 million teenagers don't go to school, that is according to a new report. And even among those who do, 250 million kids of primary school age cannot read or write, that is despite a pledge made by world leaders that every child should have access to an education before the year 2015.
Well, with just over three years left, my next guest believes that goal is still attainable, but only if urgent action is taken now.
Former British prime minister Gordon Brown was also of course the brains behind the country's economic policies for more than a decade. Well now as the UN special envoy for global education he's turning his attention to the plight of girls just like Malala.
Earlier, he gave me his reaction to the attack that left her fighting for her life.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
GORDON BROWN, FRM. BRITISH PRIME MINISTER: Well, I think people would find it unspeakable in the year 2012 that a girl has been shot simply because she wanted to go to school. And although she doesn't know it, she has become a global symbol, the representative of the cause that every girl should be at school. And I think now we've got to look at how we do it, because there are 32 million girls not at school. There is discrimination. There are a lack of teachers, lack of school places, child labor, child marriage, all these things have got to be dealt with if we're going to be serious about meeting our goal which is that every child should be at school by the end of 2015.
ANDERSON: We're told by authorities in Pakistan that this is a true turning point in the fight for education, or is it, though, do you think really?
BROWN: Well, when you see children all over Pakistan with these t- shirts "I am Malala," that is utter defiance of the Taliban and that is an assertion of the right of every child to education. And I believe we are seeing children's protests not just of course in Pakistan, but in Afghanistan, in India, in Bangladesh. We're also seeing children who have been made into child brides protesting, trying to declare child free - marriage free zone for children in Bangladesh. We've got child labor movements in India.
I think children are actually expressing something that we should have done years ago and that is defend their right to get to school and of course to see child labor and child marriage as a modern form of slavery.
ANDERSON: You're the UN special envoy on global education. You will be visiting Pakistan and its president next month, what's your message?
BROWN: Well, I want to present a petition. If you go on to www.educationenvoy.org you will see that we want to present a petition to President Zardari. He should be doing more. His state should be doing more. There are 5 million children in Pakistan not at school. They've got to hire more teachers, obviously, but there are cash incentives they could give families to get them to school. And of course they could give security to girls, whether it's discrimination. And then right round the world I think when I visit other leaders - I'm going to India also at the same time, we've got to show them that there is a shame attached to allowing so many children not to be at school.
By failing to abolish child labor, by failing to deal with child marriage, but also of course by failing to employe and hire and train the teachers that are necessary we're probably 2 million teachers short around the world today if we're going to meet our goal of education for all.
ANDERSON: And Pakistan, of course, faces that challenge in delivering education, perhaps more so than many other countries around the world. Is it also, though, conceivable that Pakistan can deliver education for young girls and women while the Taliban is so active in the country.
BROWN: Well, I think education is the way forward. You know, in Afghanistan, since the Taliban were out of power, there are 4 million girls now in education. I think in Pakistan the programs that have been developed, one is to give cash incentives, and that's helped more than million children into school. Another is to administer education in the Punjab with a rigor and discipline to get children to school and to get teachers to teach them. And that has got another million children into school. So there are already things being done.
And of course if we send the signal that every girl has a right to education and we are determined to implement it and we have got the public support that exists at the moment in Pakistan for doing it, then that is a huge blow to the Taliban.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
ANDERSON: Gordon Brown speaking to me earlier.
Well, since Malala's shooting, girls across the globe have been spurred to take up her fight. Take a listen to this reaction, for example, from right here in London earlier today.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: With Malala case, it's an eye-opener. And looking at it that way change would be let girls get an education, you know. It doesn't mean they're going to start doing wrong, you know, they're just going to make something of themselves, make our country a better place.
(END VIDEO CLIP)
ANDERSON: Show your support, head to CNN.com/impactyourworld where you'll find full details on how you can help.
Still to come tonight, a vital victory for England's under 21s in Serbia, marred by violence in the dying minutes of the game. That's coming up.
And he says he should be rewarded, not punished. Radovan Karadzic begins his defense against war crimes charges at The Hague.
Plus, the man who has hacked into U.S. computers looking for evidence of aliens gets a reprieve after almost a decade fighting extradition. You're watching Connect the World here on CNN. Stay with us.
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
ANDERSON: Well, in a race this close, the stakes could not be higher. Tonight, U.S. President Barack Obama and his Republican challenger Mitt Romney will face off in their second televised debate exactly three weeks before the U.S. election. President Obama's lackluster performance last time around cost him in the polls. So tonight he'll try to seize back the momentum. Despite the pressure, the president appeared calm and confident a little earlier.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Mr. President, are you ready for tonight? How are you feeling about tonight?
OBAMA: I feel fabulous. Look at this beautiful day.
UNIDNETIFIED MALE: What are you going to say?
OBAMA: It's gorgeous. I hope you enjoy the weather.
UNIDENIFIED FEMALE: Are you aware, Michelle voted for you yesterday?
OBAMA: Thank goodness.
(END VIDEO CLIP)
ANDERSON: Mr. Obama of course referring there to his wife who took advantage of early voting.
Well, much more debate coverage ahead as you would imagine here on CNN, including my interview with young undecided voters living overseas. I'm going to ask them what issues matter to them and why.
Well, a British man who hacked into United States government computers has had his extradition order quashed.
Gary McKinnon is diagnosed with Asperger's Syndrome. He's admitted accessing U.S. systems, but now says he was looking for UFOs.
Nima Elbagir with this report.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
JANIS SHARP, GARY MCKINNON'S MOTHER: I want say thank you Teresa May, because it was an incredibly brave decision to stand up to another nation as strong and powerful as America is.
NIMA ELBAGIR, CNN INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: It was the hunt for little green men that became an unofficial referendum on the U.S.-UK so- called special relationship.
In 2001, British computer hacker Gary McKinnon hacked into NASA and Pentagon computers over a 13 month period looking, he says, for evidence of UFOs. U.S. authorities took a less sympathetic view, calling it the biggest military hack of all-time, and accusing McKinnon of causing of hundreds of thousands of dollars worth of damage in the aftermath of September 11.
TONY BLAIR, FRM. BRITISH PRIME MINISTER: We are standing side by side with America, it's not...
ELBAGIR: This was at the height of Tony Blair and George Bush's tag team on the war on terror. And everything changed for McKinnon when a new U.S.-UK extradition treaty was signed in 2003, relieving the U.S. of the burden of providing contestable evidence in extradition requests.
The extradition treaty was instantly unpopular, with British newspapers leading the charge on the grounds that it was unbalanced in the favor of the U.S. After the coalition government took power, keen to distance themselves from the Blair years, the new prime minister David Cameron and his deputy Nick Clagg both came out publicly in support of McKinnon.
Gary McKinnon's fight was not just against the extradition treaty, it was also to get his Asperger's diagnosis taken into consideration by the court. And it was ultimately that and the possible risk of suicide that swayed the view of British home secretary Teresa May.
But she didn't stop there. She went on to amend the law to give British courts the right to bar extradition overseas. This will mean that where prosecution is possible in both the UK and in another state, the British courts will be able to bar prosecution overseas if they believe it is in the interests of justice to do so.
OBAMA: We take this very seriously. And I know that the British government does as well.
ELGABIR: A move that is being seen in the UK as courageous, and a much needed reset of the special relationship.
This, though, does come less than two weeks after the last high profile extradition case here, where the radical Islamic cleric Abu Hamza and four other terrorists suspects, one of whom also suffered from Asperger's, were extradited to the U.S. even though two of the suspects maintained their innocence.
Muslim campaign groups are now questioning why the British government didn't take this stand for British Muslim and whether this move really is as brave as it would have its public believe.
Nima Elbagir, CNN, London.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
ANDERSON: Well, you saw Obama reacting earlier this year to the case. Today, Tuesday, the United States was quick to react to the news of this blocked extradition. This is what we heard.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
VICTORIA NULAND, STATE DEPARTMENT SPOKESMAN: The United States is disappointed by the decision to deny Gary McKinnon's extradition to face long overdue justice in the United States. We are examining the details of the decision.
(END VIDEO CLIP)
ANDERSON: Right, let's get you a look at some of the other stories that are connecting our world tonight. And the former Bosnian-Serb leader has begun his defense at the International Criminal Court in The Hague. Radovan Karadzic is accused of war crimes, genocide across countries and crimes against humanity in Bosnia Herzegovina and Srebrenica in the 1990s. He representing himself at the trial and maintains his innocence.
Well, people in the public gallery shouted that he was a liar. And as Karadzic explained why he should not be prosecuted.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
RADOVAN KARADZIC, FRM. BOSNIAN SERB LEADER (through translator): Instead of being accused for the events in our civil war, I should have been rewarded for all the good things I've done. Namely, that I did everything in human power to avoid the war, that I succeeded in reducing the suffering of all civilians.
(END VIDEO CLIP)
ANDERSON: Cuba is relaxing its rules over exit permits. Until now, Cubans have had to go through a lengthy process and satisfy fairly strict criteria to travel out of the country. Well, from January, people will be able to leave with only a passport and a visa for the country they intend to visit. However, it's expected highly skilled professionals will have restrictions placed on them as the new law says it must preserve human capital in the country.
All right, we're going to take a very short break here on CNN. This is Connect the World with me,Becky Anderson of course. When we come back, a football match in Serbia ends with two teams exchanging punches. And that's only part of the story. Your sports headlines coming up.
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
ANDERSON: Well, I was anticipating talking about World Cup qualifying tonight, which is going to be a good news sports story. Unfortunately, there's more to tonight so far as football is concerned than just that. We're going to do the scores in some of those qualifying games a little later on.
Alex, though, is with me and in pass hour also some pretty scary news out of Serbia.
ALEX THOMAS, CNN SPORTS CORRESPONDENT: That's right. It seems racism has raised its head around a football match in Serbia, not for the first time it has to be said.
This all happened at the end of an under 21 playoff match between England and Serbia, the second leg, the first having been won by a 1-0. And in the dying seconds of the second leg, in Serbia this evening, England scored to absolutely guarantee they'll be through to the finals next year. So a 2-0 win on aggregate, but then all hell broke loose as the crowd subjected some England players to racist chanting it seems from what we're hearing out of the tournament. And also the Serbian players just angry at losing and maybe the reaction of some of the players in celebrating that goal started attacking their opponents.
We don't know the full details. It will be wrong to say exactly who is to blame, but it appears the England squad is the innocent party.
We have had a statement from the England Football Association which says the FA condemns both the scenes of racism and the confrontation at the final whistle during which time our players and staff were under extreme provocation. The FA's reported a number of incidents of racism to UEFA, which is Europe's governing body, following the fixture.
These were seemingly aimed at a number of England black players by the crowd. The matter is now with UEFA. We've not heard from Europe's governing body, but I'd be amazed if they don't announce some sort of investigation tomorrow morning.
ANDERSON: Sickening stuff, isn't it?
THOMAS: It is. It's very difficult, because England seems a very high profile cases of racism within the Premier League involving their players. Many say England take a holier than thou attitude than this and should get their own house in order first. But England's black players while playing international club football have been the subject of abuse before. And UEFA have been criticized for not punishing clubs and international associations strongly - strongly enough when these incidents happen.
ANDERSON: Well, I know we're working on this story. You're back in an hour, of course, with World Sport. So as and when we get more on it, we will get that to our viewers, of course.
It's just before you go this hour do some better news for the teams that have done all right in World Cup qualifying tonight.
England, of course, was supposed to be playing. Let's start off with them, just because I'm going to be partisan. They didn't play.
THOMAS: Well, the under 21s of that sad incident, the senior team have had their game postponed until tomorrow, we think, because there's water logged pitch in Warsaw. There was a roof there, but they decided not to use it.
Other scores, later scores. I think Holland have won now 4-1 away to Romania. Italy beating Denmark 3-1. Germany beating Sweden 4-2. Plenty of goals around all over the place.
Chile v. Argentina later in South America. That'll be a good one. And the USA fighting for their World Cup qualifying lives against Guatemala.
ANDERSON: 207 teams start out in this World Cup qualifying, just 32 will make it to Rio, of course. We are on the road to Rio. Thank you, sir.
Back in an hour. Alex Thomas with World Sport.
Still to come this hour on Connect the World, he was panned across the board for his performance in the first debate. Now the pressure of course is on U.S. President Barack Obama to step up his game. A preview for you tonight of his second face-off with challenger Mitt Romney. That's coming up.
And it sounds like something out of Star Wars, but two amateur astronomers have found a real planet, get this, with four suns. Those stories following your headlines after this.
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
ANDERSON: A very warm welcome to our viewers across Europe and around the world. I'm Becky Anderson, these are the latest world news headlines here on CNN.
Pakistan's president has described the shooting of a 14-year-old schoolgirl as an attack on all civilized people. Doctors treating Malala Yousufzai in a British hospital say they are optimistic she'll recover.
We are just a few hours away from the second US presidential debate. This one a town hall-style meeting, meaning that the audience gets to ask questions. Republican challenger Mitt Romney has gained in the polls since his first face-off with President Barack Obama at the beginning of October.
Former Bosnian-Serb leader Radovan Karadzic opened his defense in his war crimes trial at the Hague. He portrayed himself as a humanitarian and tolerant. Karadzic denies committing genocide during the Balkan Wars and is blaming ethnic rivals for plotting the violence.
A surprise shakeup at the top of CitiGroup. CEO Vikram Pandit is out, replaced by former head of European operations, Michael Corbat. President and chief operating officer John Havens also resigning.
There is no doubt who won the first US presidential debate. He is, of course, hoping now for a repeat showing this Tuesday evening. But we certainly won't see the same performance from Barack Obama. Aids say this time, the president is raring to go.
We're joined now by Paul Steinhauser for a preview of tonight's debate in New York. Yes. Listen. You've been watching these debates on and off for -- I won't tell the viewers how long. What can we expect out of these candidates tonight?
PAUL STEINHAUSER, CNN POLITICAL EDITOR: Four and a half hours from right now, right behind me, you're going to have the showdown. But I don't think I can say "raring" like you did. That was wonderful, Becky. I can't -- it doesn't roll off my tongue like that.
But no, it's pretty obvious, the president needs to have a much better performance at this debate than he did two weeks ago in Denver at the first presidential debate, plain and simple. He even admits it. He said to ABC News the other day that "I had a bad night" at that first debate.
Take a listen to Jen Psaki. She is the traveling press secretary for the president, for his campaign. Here's what she said about tonight.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
JEN PSAKI, OBAMA CAMPAIGN SPOKESWOMAN: Oh, he has watched the last debate, and he's his own harshest critic. He's coming into this debate, he's energized. I think people can expect to see a passionate President Obama delivering the case for why he has a better plan for the middle class.
(END VIDEO CLIP)
STEINHAUSER: But here's the delicate dance that Barack Obama has to perform at this debate. He has to be aggressive. He has to be much more aggressive than the first debate. He has to go after Mitt Romney.
But he cannot appear overly critical or too aggressive, because that'll come off as negative in the minds of independent voters, undecided voters, Becky. So, it is definitely a delicate dance for the president at this second showdown.
ANDERSON: Yes, and it's going to be showtime in a couple of hours from now. I just wonder this, though. I want you to give us a sense from the polls whether Romney's bounce has been the result of a very strong performance in that first debate or whether this is about a change in the candidate's relative position, a more fundamental change, Paul?
STEINHAUSER: I think it has a lot to do with the debate. Take a look at this, this is our CNN poll of polls, and nationally we average all the polls together. You can see the numbers before the debate where the president had a slight advantage among likely voters in the US. After the first debate, you can see the numbers now basically all tied up. A very, very slight edge for Mitt Romney.
What happened? That first debate did a lot for Mitt Romney. I think it proved to a lot of people who were skeptical about him that he could stand in as president of the United States. So, this first debate really was very influential when it came to the national polls.
But even more important, the state polls. Because remember, the race for the White House here in the US is a battle for the states and their electoral votes. So, I think that first debate was very influential. Will this debate be as influential in the polls? It might.
ANDERSON: Get your kettles on, put your feet up, settle in, stick with CNN for all of this. Paul, thank you for that.
With the race so close, of course, undecided voters will be a huge factor in this election three weeks from now. Earlier, I talk with three American students who are currently living abroad. They explained what it would take to win their vote. They are currently undecided.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
ANDERSON: If you had one question to put in what will be a town hall- style format, Kristin, what would it be?
KRISTIN COLE, STUDENT: It's no surprise that foreign investment in the American economy is a huge factor in how well we will do in the coming years, and so my question for both candidates would be how do you tend to - - how do you wish to inspire foreign investment in the United States?
ANDERSON: Tim?
TIM EVANS, STUDENT: My question would be, how do the two candidates balance their desire to intervene in foreign affairs, be it Libya, Syria, Iran, versus the need to sort of continue to balance our budget and not stretch ourselves too thin fiscally.
ANDERSON: How important is Syria to you, for example?
EVANS: For me, the issue with Syria is there is obviously an atrocity. It goes against I think what most people would agree to be fundamental American principles and even the most basic human rights principles.
And -- but then, we also get into this question of what is -- what should be the role of America in the world? Are we really trying to be a police state? Are we trying to intervene everywhere that things pop up?
So, I'm legitimately conflicted because obviously there's a part of me that would like to intervene and help as much as possible. But I would also be interested to know how the candidates view America's role on the world stage.
ANDERSON: Jessica, we undoubtedly will hear discussion of what happened in Benghazi in Libya when the American ambassador was killed. What else do you want to hear from Obama, for example, on that?
JESSICA ROZENTAL, GRADUATE STUDENT: As a counter terrorism student here at the IDC in Israel, I think it's very important for every government institution, every elected official, to acknowledge terrorist attacks when they take place.
And I'd like to hear President Obama talk more about diplomatic security, about our own diplomatic efforts in parts of the world where we have strained relationships with some of our neighbors.
I'd like to hear a clarification, if you will. When he talks about Israel as being one of America's best friends in the Middle East. He's calling us "one of the best friends" instead of "the best friend" in the Middle East, I think, puts a question mark in some of our heads.
ANDERSON: I know that you've said that you hope to hear Obama with a much clearer narrative on how he would deal with Iran. When you say that, what do you mean specifically?
ROZENTAL: I want to know from both candidates, how important is Iran to you in your foreign policy agenda? How -- how close to the top of your agenda will Iran be? Will it be more important or less important than trade with Latin America, for example, or foreign investments, like the other participants are asking about?
ANDERSON: Kristin, who has a stronger foreign policy narrative at this point, so far as you're concerned?
COLE: As far as foreign policy is concerned, I would say that Obama has the stronger narrative. I've heard him praised here in Spain on multiple occasions by people on the street, by professors, even by my host mom. I know that he has a way with foreign policy leaders across the globe.
And I would very much like to see Romney -- I'd like to see him and his capabilities outside of the United States. But as far as I know now, Obama.
ANDERSON: How would you assess his last performance, then? Was he too polite or was he a weak candidate?
COLE: I would err on the side of too polite as opposed to weak. I don't think he's necessarily weak. I do think that Romney came out with a bang, though, and he was much more willing to confront the issues and he kind of pushed the moderator, as well, to make sure he got what he wanted said. And clearly, Obama could have stepped up a bit more in that aspect.
ANDERSON: Tim?
EVANS: I think it's almost a mix between the two. I think in the last debate, President Obama really came in feeling somewhat in a position of power as the incumbent, and I think it was clear that Romney needed a big showing, as it were, to really sort of sweeten the tables.
I also think it's interesting to see how this dynamic will sort of play out in the town hall format because it's sort of a little bit tougher to really attack your opponent when you're answering questions from the audience. It's sort of a different dynamic at play, and so I'm curious to see how this sort of vignette plays forward.
ANDERSON: We all are. We thank you guys very much, indeed, for joining us. We'll talk to you again.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
ANDERSON: It all starts on CNN live in New York, of course, for what is the second US presidential debate, pregame coverage kicking off shortly ahead of showtime, which is 1:00 in the morning London time.
And if you missed that, you can see a replay of the full debate Wednesday night at this time, during this hour, right here on CNN.
All right. Still to come tonight, from Hong Kong to Hollywood, two Leading Ladies share their secrets to success. Find out more after this.
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
ANDERSON: Forty-one minutes past 9:00 in London, at least. I'm Becky Anderson, this is CONNECT THE WORLD. Time for what is our weekly Leading Women series. From the fast-paced world of investment banking to the red carpet glamour of filmmaking, two Leading Ladies share their success secrets. Have a listen to this.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
KRISTIE LU STOUT, CNN INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): A center of big, global banking in Hong Kong. It's here we find Jennifer Taylor, the Asia Pacific COO of Bank of America Merrill Lynch. The rhythm of this place moves to her beat.
JENNIFER TAYLOR, COO, ASIA PACIFIC, BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNCH: How about the Colombian women's leadership meeting in September?
STOUT: In meeting after meeting, the former lawyer-turned-banker is ever the poised woman in charge, here and at the other 11 countries in Asia she oversees.
TAYLOR: I say I haven't felt any barriers. Actually, both times that I've been on maternity leave, I've been promoted, which I think is a very positive message to send to our female employees.
STOUT: Though she operates fluidly in this fast-paced modern environment, she still has a bit of old school in her.
STOUT (on camera): OK, so you have your white board. How often do you use the white board to sort of come up with ideas and plan your days.
TAYLOR: I use it more sort of as the big picture issues that I want to keep focused on. So I don't write down my everyday to-do list up there. That's just -- they're the big issues. And then, my desk is the more micro.
STOUT (voice-over): And she makes sure her workspace is not all business.
STOUT (on camera): The family shrine.
TAYLOR: This is the family shrine, yes.
(LAUGHTER)
TAYLOR: This is Isabella, this is Charlie, and this is --
STOUT: Oh, this is sweet!
TAYLOR: -- Al, Tashi (ph), Isabella, and Charlie.
STOUT: Oh, fantastic!
TAYLOR: And that's my husband, there, as well.
Isabella, can you come in and help me with this? It's a salad.
I love to cook, so I spend most of my weekends cooking various different types of cuisine.
STOUT: Family time is important to Taylor, values she learned from her parents growing up in Limerick, Ireland. Determination was also key.
TAYLOR: My parents created an environment where we all felt we could achieve whatever we wanted to. I was the first person to go away to university in my family. I was very driven and focused on achieving that goal.
STOUT: A drive that's propelled her 15-year career, spanning London, Australia, Singapore, and now Hong Kong.
STOUT (on camera): It hasn't taken any sort of personal toll or family toll?
TAYLOR: No, I don't think it has, because, you see, we embrace the opportunity. We love different cultures, we love Asia.
STOUT (voice-over): Watching Taylor, it's clear she brings an intense dedication to everything she does, from her husband and children to the career that's led her here.
TAYLOR: If you'd asked me then would I end up in Hong Kong, I would have never thought that was possible. I think my goals at the beginning of my career were to do the best I could and to take advantage of every opportunity that was presented to me.
FELICIA TAYLOR, CNN INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): I'm Felicia Taylor. This is the end of a long day for Universal Pictures co- chair Donna Langley. She's at an after party for the premier of the studio's film, "Pitch Perfect." Her husband, an interior designer, joins her for this small part of her job.
Hours after this, she was up with her sick son into the early hours of the morning.
DONNA LANGLEY, CO-CHAIR, UNIVERSAL PICTURES: Good morning.
TAYLOR: And after a quick rest, she was right back at work, sitting with an editor and director, working on a film due out next year.
LANGLEY: Is there a way to make that a little bit more from Ryan's point of view? I mean, I know that he's -- that -- Roy is the one who's talking, but just a little bit longer on his reactions?
TAYLOR: Her balancing act between wife, mother, and high-level executive is a reality for many women. But what Langley wants to make clear, it is not easy.
LANGLEY: I think as women, we carry a huge amount of guilt every second of every day that we're not with our children. That doesn't mean to say that it's a bad thing to go out to work. I actually really like the idea that I'm instilling in my children, even though they're babies, a work ethic.
And I hope, ultimately, that they would have pride in the fact that they have a mother who loves what she does and goes to work every day happy.
ADAM FOGELSON, CHAIRMAN, UNIVERSAL PICTURES: When Donna took some time to have her children, that's something that typically would affect her more than it would some of our male colleagues, but Donna worked through that period of time as hard or harder than any man I know.
TAYLOR: A further boost of confidence -- she was promoted to co-chair right after she returned from maternity leave.
LANGLEY: I had to sort of re-prioritize everything, and I had to figure out how to leave my work at work. And there was a very definitive moment where I realized that all of the experience that I had and all of the expertise that I brought to the table every day gave me a certain confidence to just kind of let go.
TAYLOR: It's a difficult time to head a studio in Hollywood. Video on demand is eating away at DVD sales, forcing studio execs to work harder to score those money-making franchise hits. But Universal just scored a record year in domestic box office sales, proving Langley is up to the challenge.
LANGLEY: I just want to keep doing what I'm doing. I really do. And I just hope I get to make movies forever.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
ANDERSON: And next week, why both Leading Ladies believe in the importance of mentoring. Until then, though, head to the website, cnn.com/leadingwomen, to join the conversation.
You're watching CONNECT THE WORLD here on CNN. When we come back, science fiction becomes science fact as a new planet is discovered with multiple suns, we're told, in its sky.
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
ANDERSON: All this week, we are shining a light on the horror of forced labor in our world. A shocking 21 million men, women, and kids around the globe are currently working in situations that are, quite simply, unacceptable. Modern-day slavery to you and me.
On Monday, we looked at how the carpet industry in some parts of the world, at least, is quite frankly stealing the lives of young kids. In our second report of the week, human trafficking expert Siddharth Kara explains how climate change has a part to play in modern-day slavery.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
SIDDHART KARA, AUTHOR AND EXPERT ON HUMAN SLAVERY AND TRAFFICKING: The shrimp industry is a brilliant case study of the relationship between climate change and modern slavery. And the basic story is like this: in southwestern Bangladesh, rising sea levels pushed salt water further and further inland, so the farmers notice more and more shrimp in their irrigation channels.
The landowners looked around and saw major shrimp-producing countries nearby able to make a lot more money on shrimp than rice for a lot less labor. So, they radically transformed that entire part of the country from agriculture to salt water shrimp production.
This displaced hundreds of thousands of peasants, who are trafficked throughout South Asia, and the remainder work in bonded labor conditions. They have to take out loans to work on the land.
Children are involved in capturing the baby shrimp, they go out into muddy, parasite-infested waters to catch the baby shrimp, that are then handed to the shrimp farmers, who let the shrimp grow for several months. And ultimately, these shrimp are then processed at major processors, meaning they're beheaded and deheaded -- deveined, frozen, and exported throughout the world.
The key metric to understand here is I've again traced the supply chain and quantified that one out of 57 shrimp we consume around the world can be traced to forced labor, bonded labor, and child labor in Bangladesh alone, which is again a small contributor to the global market.
ANDERSON: You've obviously done a lot of research on the shrimp industry. Are you convinced that all shrimp farmers are bad? There's got to be some good guys out there, aren't there?
KARA: Without question, there are some shrimp processors in particular that are doing good work. In fact, the only shrimp processor whose facility I was able to see was one of the good ones.
All of the others that I tried to access, where I had heard rumors of forced labor, child labor, and bonded labor, turned me away at gunpoint. It was a fairly brutal scene. They were very, very keen that I not enter.
And so, I was never able to document exactly what's going on in some of these processors, but there are some good ones, and they struggle to compete against the ones that are exploiting labor.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
ANDERSON: Part of our Freedom Project. We make no excuses for that project. Our special reports on bonded labor continue Thursday, cnn.com/freedom to find out more about the projects underway and how you can help join the fight to end human trafficking.
Well, in tonight's Parting Shots, we've got the discovery of a brand- new planet for you. Two amateur stargazer -- get this -- made the discovery. Jenny Harrison is at the CNN Weather Center to unravel the mysteries of this new find.
This is the sort of thing that is, quite frankly, out of the world. Jen, you explain it, because I don't understand it.
(LAUGHTER)
JENNY HARRISON, CNN METEOROLOGIST: I'll do my best, Becky. You're right, this is quite incredible. And the fact, as well, that makes it even more incredible is the fact that it was discovered by a couple of amateur astronomers.
This is it. So, this is the new planet. This is known as PH1, Planet Hunter 1, and then this is the two stars. Now, this planet orbits these two stars every 137 days, but what makes this so unusual is that then, in the distance, you see elsewhere, we've got those other two stars? Well, they actually then orbit this planet and these stars.
This is why this is so phenomenal. So, it has got a specific name. The planet itself is called Planet Hunters 1. It's a very large planet, about six times the size of Earth, so about the same size as Neptune. And it orbits the double star -- you can see there, the red and the clear -- every 137 days. And then, you've got this other pair of stars are further out.
So, what this is, it's the first reported case of what is called -- of this actually happening. And what it's actually called is circumbinary planet in a four-star or a quadruple system, which is exactly that. So it's the first time they've ever found a planet which is in this sort of formation.
It's the seventh circumbinary planet, but the first, as I say, that involves the fact that we've got these two stars it orbits around, and then these other two stars orbiting around all of this.
Now, Planet Hunters 1, this is the name given to this planet, because it was found by these amateur astronomers, and we obviously wanted to find out a lot more about this, so earlier today, we spoke to Dr. Chris Lintott from Oxford University over there in London. But we asked him as well how could anybody get involved in this, and this is what he told us.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
CHRIS LINTOTT, PROFESSOR OF ASTROPHYSICS, OXFORD UNIVERSITY: Well, this is a planet that got away from us professional astronomers. And more importantly, our computers couldn't find it, either. We normally rely on computers to find things.
But we wanted to find the really unusual planets. The unusual ones that might be lurking in the data. And so, to do that, we take the data from NASA's Kepler space telescope, we put it online at planethunters.org in a form that anyone can understand, and we've invited people to sort through it.
And more than 100,000 people have done that, and this is just the first, I hope, of a whole string of remarkable discoveries. It's a project that really, absolutely anyone can take part in. You don't need to be an astronomer, you don't need any scientific training, you don't even need to be older than about eight or nine years old. We really hope everyone will help us try and find some more unusual planets.
(END VIDEO CLIP)
HARRISON: Did you get that, then, Becky, planethunters.org? And he said, didn't he, that you can be eight years old. So there should be no excuse for you or I both learning a bit more about this.
ANDERSON: Ooh!
HARRISON: It shouldn't be above us.
ANDERSON: What all these armchair astronomers didn't tell us is how many man-hours they spent peering through their telescopes --
HARRISON: Oh, can you imagine?
ANDERSON: -- in order to find this.
HARRISON: Yes.
ANDERSON: It's enough. Thank you. I'm Becky Anderson, that was Jen, this was CONNECT THE WORLD, thank you for watching. The world news headlines up after this.
END
