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Connect the World
Egypt Crisis From All Angles; Netherlands Village Built Exclusively For Dementia Patients; MMA Railway CEO Feels Misunderstood In Wake Of Quebec Train Derailment
Aired July 11, 2013 - 16:00 ET
THIS IS A RUSH TRANSCRIPT. THIS COPY MAY NOT BE IN ITS FINAL FORM AND MAY BE UPDATED.
BECKY ANDERSON, HOST: Tonight, a CNN in depth report. We look at the murky circumstances and competing accusations over Monday's bloodshed in Egypt.
UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: We have people over here that weren't found and they are burned really badly.
ANDERSON: Frantic emergency calls released after the San Francisco plane crash.
And why the eyes of the world's media are on this London doorstep.
ANNOUNCER: Live from CNN London, this is Connect the World with Becky Anderson.
ANDERSON: Well, it's been a little over a week since the coup in Egypt and the country appears as divided as ever. Supporters of ousted President Mohamed Morsy are still out in the streets tonight gearing up for what's billed as a million man march on Friday.
Elsewhere in the city, Tahrir Square, the epicenter of anti-Morsy protests and that is relatively quiet. Has been all day, but that could change, of course, in the coming hours.
Well, Morsy supporters are demanding his return to power. Morsy hasn't been seen or heard from since he was detained last week. Authorities will say only that he's being treated well and in a safe place.
Well, CNN spoke with Morsy's son today and asked if he had access to his father.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
OSAMA MORSY, MOHAMED MORSY'S SON (through translator): (SPEAKING IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE) please, let me call -- speak to my dad. No. We are in a revolution. New wave of 25 (inaudible) revolution. Again, our democracy path we will not let it go.
(END VIDEO CLIP)
ANDERSON: Morsy's son speaking to us earlier.
Well, Egyptian police are believed to be searching for the Muslim Brotherhood's Supreme Guide after arrest warrants were issued for him and other Brotherhood leaders. They're accused of inciting Monday's deadly clashes in Cairo. But the Brotherhood itself says the military is to blame.
Well, both the army and pro-Morsy supporters have been giving video to CNN trying to prove their respective cases in addition to video that CNN has obtained independently.
Karl Penhaul joining us now from Cairo with the details. And sorting this out isn't easy, Karl, is it?
KARL PENHAUL, CNN INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: Not at all. And in fact, since Monday, Becky, we have been piecing through the pieces of what has become a very complex jigsaw puzzle about who did what and when, all crucial to answering why did this happen. As you say, the military has given CNN video. Supporters of Mr. Morsy have given us video. We have also obtained independent video as well.
I want to show you that report, but be warned, first off, that right off the bat here, there are some very graphic images.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
PENHAUL: These images shot by CNN show the bloody aftermath of Monday's shootings close to the army's Republican Guard compound. The health ministry says 51 civilians and two members of the armed forces were shot dead.
In the last two days, both the military and Morsy supporters provided edited videos to CNN, making the case the other side was responsible.
These were provided by supporters of deposed president Mohamed Morsy. An Egyptian soldier repeatedly takes aim from between other soldiers carrying riot shields. The slow motion video shows him firing through barbed wire.
In this edited clip, demonstrators chant, "god is great." In another portion, without audio, this soldier fires three shots.
In each case, independent military experts consulted by CNN say the soldiers appear to be firing live ammunition, not blanks.
Here, uniformed soldiers fire from rooftops near where crowds are gathered. The Morsy supporters say the videos are evidence of what they call a massacre by the Egyptian armed forces. The National Salvation Front, the main political coalition that backed the July 3rd military coup has called for a judicial inquiry into the shootings, but it insists the Muslim Brotherhood, Morsy's power base, instigated events.
KHALED DAWOUD, SPOKESMAN, NATIONAL SALVATION FRONT: At this time I felt that there was an intentional incitement by the Muslim Brotherhood to create a major massacre, a major scandal in front of the world in which they display blood in order to convince the outside world that there is a new dictatorship.
PENHAUL: The military provided CNN with these edited videos to make its case the military was attacked first.
This video, taken from an army helicopter, captures images of men tossing gasoline bombs off a high rise. This grainy frame, shows a man with what the army says is a pistol.
We do not see him fire it.
Images taken from ground level show a pro-Morsy protester cocking what the army says is a sawed-off shot gun. The video does not show him firing it.
Other video shows the muzzle flash of a gun being fired.
MOHAMMED AL-BELTAGY, MUSLIM BROTHERHOOD LEADER (through translator): I challenge the army to a public debate in front of the whole world, but there's no need. The blood spilled on the streets paints a complete picture that speaks for itself.
PENHAUL: Despite repeated requests, neither side has given CNN the original raw footage, only edited material, sometimes without audio, sometimes slow motion with audio.
In an off camera briefing, army spokesman Colonel Ahmed Ali alleged 15 gunmen on motorcycles fired on the heavily fortified guard headquarters.
But the earliest video clip the army offered was this gun camera image from 4:01 am Monday morning.
Tear gas clouds are seen down the street.
Multiple pro-Morsy eyewitnesses told CNN the army opened fire while many of them were performing pre-dawn prayers. The army adamantly denies that and said the shooting started later.
This video was recorded by a man who lives in an apartment building half a block from the guard headquarters. The photographer said he is not affiliated to either side. And he declined to speak on camera for fear of reprisals. But he told CNN the camera time code showed he started recording at 3:26 a.m.
In all, he provided 28 minutes of video to CNN.
The first of five prayers was scheduled for 3:20 am, according to the Islamic calendar for Cairo. If the camera was accurately calibrated, it would mean that clashes began in the middle of prayer time.
About one minute into the video shot from the apartment block, about 3:27 am, sustained gunfire can be heard.
The photographer says the shooting was in front of the Republican Guard building. At 1:29, we see a single flash among a small crowd of Morsy supporters, possibly a shot being fired.
With the military firmly in control of Egyptian politics, it's unclear how far a judicial inquiry will clarify what happened.
But what neither side is arguing, the massive casualties, almost all of them were civilians.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
PENHAUL: Now the political groups here in Egypt have called for a judicial inquiry into exactly what went wrong there. And really that is crucial, because it undoubtedly it will have domestic and international political ramifications.
But what we must not forget is that behind every one of the casualties from that incident there is a family now mourning one of their loved ones. In fact, we've just come from the family of one of the photographers who took some of the video that we used in that report. He was killed in the incident. Tonight, we talked to his mother. She said, I miss him. My heart is broken -- Becky.
ANDERSON: Karl Penhaul for you in Cairo. Karl, appreciate your reporting there. Thank you.
Over the past week, we've witnessed dramatic change, then, in Egypt as the military ushered in an uncertain new era. We want to remind you how things unfolded. And show you the reactions of Egyptians on both sides of the divide. Have a look at this.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
UNIDENTIFIED MALE (through translator): The speech of the president last night and before the 48 hours deadline did not achieve the goals of the people.
GEHAD EL-HADDAD, SENIOR ADVISER, MUSLIM BROTHERHOOD: This is an illegitimate military coup. I don't know how the rest of the world is watching this and letting is slip by.
SAMAH SEIF EL YAZAL, FORMER EGYPTIAN GENERAL: Let me tell you, it's not a military coup. Military coup meaning that the military will rule the country. And General al-Sisi mentioned many times that that theory has no intention whatsoever to rule the country.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: No, no. We don't accept this decision. And we (inaudible) against our president that we elected last year.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: We are here to support him. And we are -- we support him for the last drop of our blood.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: We are so, so happy now, because we feel that our Egypt, which was occupied from the Brotherhood is today (inaudible)...
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: We don't like Muslim Brotherhood. We don't like Mohamed Morsy. Mohamed Morsy destroy, destroy Egypt.
UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Obama don't come Egypt any time.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Please, Obama, stop. Let us rule our country.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: We are the (inaudible).
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: What's going on now, is that we have peaceful protest for more than four days to oust the president, the fascist president of the fascist group of MB.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: We are not a terrorist, we are just here to save our Tahrir Square, just here to protect against a terrorist regime.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: If this is not (inaudible) what will be the (inaudible)? I need an answer. We need (inaudible). We need our legitimate president who was elected. It was a democracy.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: It will be fine. Sure it will be fine. I think that it's no other solution. You think there is another solution? No. We have sewed democracy. What is outcome? Military coup.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: On June 30, nearly 20 million Egyptians, 15 to 20 million Egyptians came out all over Egypt and demanded the departure of Mr. Morsy. And we did not say we want to ban the Brotherhood, we want a new round of presidential elections, like a recall, like an impeachment, because we're obviously in a state of deadlock and a near civil war because of Morsy's policies.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: We want to move ahead with an inclusive political process. Nobody would be secluded. We should move very quickly within a very clear time frame.
Between now and having a presidential election there is a maximum of six to seven months.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
ANDERSON: Well, you would expect us to cover Egypt from all angles. And we are doing that for you on multiple platforms. Online, you can find some great perspective from correspondent Ben Wedeman, CNN's long-term correspondent in Cairo. He says Mohamed Morsy is a victim of, quote, "Egypt's revolution of the mind." And it started quite a discussion. Read what he has to say and take part in that conversation at CNN.com/International.
Still to come tonight, the aftermath of the explosion in Canada. We're going to show you new pictures that illustrate just how powerful it really was.
Well, it's being dubbed Dementia Ville. Why this center is leading the way forward in helping treat a disorder that affects millions.
And she's getting ready to celebrate her 16th birthday, but this young hero won't just be opening presents on Friday. More on that after this.
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
ANDERSON: Beijing is making accusations against Britain's biggest drug maker. China says GlaxoSmithKlein orchestrated widespread bribery and corruption to artificially raise drug prices. Without naming any names, China's ministry of public security accused company employees of, and I quote, bribing doctors, hospitals and government officials in China's biggest cities and falsifying tax forms to allow the payment of bribes.
Now China says it is now detained some GSK executives who have apparently, and they say, confessed.
In response, the company said it continually monitors its businesses and that it has found no evidence of bribery and corruption in China.
Well, new images show just how bad the damage in Lac-Megantic in Canada. That's the small town near the U.S. border where a train loaded with crude oil came off the tracks and started a deadly inferno as you can see about half the town completely destroyed. Investigators still looking through the smoldering debris for evidence.
Now this is what the area looked like shortly after the derailment on Saturday. Police say 20 people confirmed dead and another 30 are missing, presumed dead.
Let's get an update on all of this now from Anna Coren, she is live for us from there tonight.
What do we know at this point?
ANNA COREN, CNN INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: Well, Becky, as you can imagine, there's a great deal of grief here in Lac-Megantic, but also a lot of anger. And the reason for that anger is how did this happen? How was this able to happen in this tiny town in Quebec.
Now, a lot of that anger is being directed at the president of the company that owns the freight train that literally ripped out the heart of this town, claiming the lives of up to 50 people, that is the figure from police.
Well, the president Ed Burkhardt, he came here to this town yesterday and received a very hostile reception. Well, today he spoke exclusively to CNN. And he wanted his side of the story told. And he said that he felt very much misunderstood. Let's have a listen.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
EDWARD BURKHARDT, MONTREAL, MAINE & ATLANTIC RAILWAY: They talked about that I had no empathy or no sympathy, and in fact I have plenty. I can imagine myself being in that kind of situation and I also would be grieving and I'd be very unhappy. I'd be very mad about the whole thing, so I certainly understand the need to vent and to -- but it comes a point where it's totally unproductive. And that's why I decided not to go back there today.
(END VIDEO CLIP)
COREN: Now, Mr. Burkhardt, he was not granted access to the site, nor was he given a meeting with the mayor or the red cross which he had requested. Now he and his company obviously assisting police, but he decided to come here to front the company, front the media in the hope of beginning the healing process. He feels he is very much failed in that objective.
Now the company initially believed that there was evidence of tampering, however, it now says that it's very much the braking system that has failed. And they believe that the engineer in charge of that freight train has failed to properly apply those breaks.
Now, whether it's operator error, faulty equipment, or something else, Becky that is now the subject of a criminal investigation.
ANDERSON: What are residents saying in the area? Are they satisfied with the inquiry today, Anna?
COREN: Yeah, certainly not, Becky. And I think the reason being is that there's just scarce information. You know, this is obviously a huge investigation that is unfolding. And it's only really just beginning.
You know, the site is behind me over my shoulder. It's now being screened off. We cannot see it. And you would have a much better pictures from those aerial photographs that you were showing a little bit earlier.
But the site has literally been wiped off the map. You know, that freight train, when it derailed, it exploded. And it took out the downtown of Lac-Megantic.
Officials here, Becky, are saying that the people there were vaporized, the place now resembles a crematorium.
I mean, it's so grisly, it's extremely gruesome, and that is the reality.
And, you know, we've spoken to the relatives, the family of some of those people who are missing. And the great fear here is that they will never actually recover their remains. They will never be able to bury their dead. So that is what this community is dealing with at the moment, Becky.
ANDERSON: Reporting on the story for you tonight, Anna Coren, thank you very much indeed for that.
Well, a United Nations-backed tribunal has decided to reinstate a charge of genocide against Radovan Karadzic. Now he is the Bosnian-Serb general accused of the mass killings of none Serbs during the war in Yugoslavia back in the 1990s.
Now Karadzic had been charged with two counts of genocide, but was acquitted of one last year. Today's ruling essentially reverses that acquittal.
A court in Russia has convicted late investment fund attorney Sergei Magnitsky of tax evasion in what is an unprecedented posthumous trial. Magnitsky died in jail in 2009 after accusing Russian officials of defrauding the state of $230 million. The circumstances of his death remain in dispute.
The head of the Roman Catholic Church, Pope Francis, has made it a crime to abuse children sexually or physically on Vatican grounds. Though child abuse was already illegal under church law, but the pope has now expanded that to specifically include the Vatican itself.
The new law also makes it illegal to create or possess child pornography.
Live from London, this is Connect the World. I'm Becky Anderson for you. It is Thursday evening. 21 minutes past 9:00 here.
Coming up, how a pioneering care home in the Netherlands is taking elderly patients back to their healthier past. That after this.
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
ANDERSON: Welcome back.
It's Connect the World for you here on CNN. I'm Becky Anderson.
Now the number of people suffering from dementia around the world is expected to double by 2030 -- double by 2030, that's what I said, that's according to the World Health Organization. Sadly, an illness that many of us have experienced in some kind of way.
Our chief medical correspondent Dr. Sanjay Gupta has been to a village in the Netherlands built especially for people suffering from the disorder. It's part of the latest addition of World's Untold Stories.
And Sanjay now joins me live from CNN Center.
We've had somebody suffering very recently from dementia in my own family. It's a cruel illness, Sanjay, and not just for the sufferers but of course the families as well.
DR. SANJAY GUPTA, CNN MEDICAL CORRESPONDENT: Yeah, and I'm sorry to hear about that, Becky. I didn't know about that about your own family. But you're absolutely right. I mean it has a significant toll on the individual and also the families, the caretakers, and that was part of what inspired this particular story for us.
I will tell you, one of the toughest conversations I had throughout the making of this documentary, was with a woman named Jo just because of some of exactly what we're talking about today, Becky. Take a listen.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
GUPTA: How old are you?
JO VERHOEF, HOGEWEY RESIDENT: I am been born in -- oh, what -- I've been...
(LAUGHTER)
GUPTA: Hard to remember.
VERHOEF: 1926, I mean.
GUPTA: 1926?
VERHOEF: I mean -- I don't know exactly.
GUPTA: I don't know exactly. You hear that a lot around here. As time goes by, the grasp on reality fades for residents like Jo Verhoef.
VERHOEF: Yes.
GUPTA: What do you do?
VERHOEF: I get some (inaudible) -- I don't know. Tomorrow, I know it when I have to go to it.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
GUPTA: Maybe you could tell what I mean by that, Becky, listening to her. It's tough. Obviously, she really has no short-term and very little long-term memory as well.
I got some interesting advice over there, Becky. They say, you know, it's oftentimes important to try and provide context. Someone says that their parents, they're going to go visit their parents tomorrow. You ask them how old are you? And if they say 85, then they sort of -- it dawns on them that maybe their parents are no longer living. But you don't want to flat out correct someone who has dementia. Their sense of logic is gone, so just correcting them doesn't seem to work.
ANDERSON: Who is behind this center, Sanjay, out of interesting?
GUPTA: I'm sorry, what was that?
ANDERSON: Who is behind this center?
GUPTA: Yeah, well, you know, it was interesting. It's a woman who was actually a nurse. She worked in the nursing home prior. And what happened was, her own father had passed away. And when she passed away, it dawned on her that -- you know, I'm glad that he would never live in a nursing home like the one that I manage. And that inspired her to create a different sort of place for people with dementia.
I spoke to her. Take a listen.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
GUPTA: This is the site where there used to be a previous nursing home, right? You worked at that nursing home. You had a transformation, if you will, yourself where you basically decided that wasn't good enough. Was there a moment or was there some particular event that really sparked that for you?
YVONNE VAN AMERONGEN, CO-FOUNDER HOGEWEY: For me, personally, that was the moment that my mother called me and told me that my father had passed away suddenly. Nothing was wrong with him, he just had a heart attack and he died. And one of the first things I thought was, thank god he never got to be in a nursing home, that's crazy that I had to think that.
I'm in the management of nursing home and I don't want my father to come there.
(END VIDEO CLIP)
GUPTA: Again, you get an idea, Becky, of just how profound an experience it is for her.
The result is this multiple acre complex. They have seven different homes. And these homes are all reflective of particular lifestyles. So if someone had been a laborer or carpenter, for example, before their dementia, the home would be decorated as such so as to provide familiar surroundings. And that's one of they keys as well. The familiar surroundings. Getting people up walking around, giving them that exercise. They find that people take fewer medications in a place like this. They eat better. And they say that they are happier, a tough thing to measure, certainly Becky, but you can sort of see it.
ANDERSON: Interesting isn't it?
Dementia is generally associated with older people, although it can affect people of a relatively young age, as I'm well aware, from our family experience. It's also diagnosed -- I think I'm write in saying -- a dementia case every four seconds. Is that right? What do we watch out for if that were the case? What are the tips, as it were?
GUPTA: Yeah, well, there's an important distinction, first of all. You know, people -- a lot of people have memory loss from time to time. And it's one of those things where when does it become something that is a truly diagnosable dementia?
A couple things to sort of note. One is that it -- when it starts to really affect your activities of daily living. Your days can no longer progress the way they used to because of this dementia, this memory loss. That takes it into a different realm.
And also your judgment. Your judgment starts to become impaired.
When you start to put these two things together, then it's certainly time that you may be given an actual diagnosis of dementia. And there are things that you should talk to your doctor about in terms of trying to slow down the progression.
But as you likely know, Becky, there is no particular cure for this right now. And that's part of the reason this village in Hogewey like the one you're looking at there becomes so important, creating a humane way for people to live the rest of their lives.
ANDERSON: Yeah, living well.
Sanjay, always a pleasure, thank you very much indeed for joining us. Sanjay Gupta on what is an incredibly important and sadly burgeoning story around the world wherever you are watching tonight.
Join us Friday for our world's untold stories documentary Dementia Village. That's 4:30 London, 5:40 Berlin, 7:30 pm in Abu Dhabi.
Well, the latest world news headlines as you would expect here at the bottom of the hour here on CNN.
And the crew members from flight 214 return to South Korea as more details emerge about the crash and its aftermath. We're going to tell you about them straight after this short break, 90 seconds away.
The importance ahead of education ahead of Malala's address at the UN on her birthday tomorrow. I speak with campaigner, education advocate Sarah Brown.
And the royal baby mania has truly begun as the due date gets closer. We'll show you the build up behind the scenes.
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
ANDERSON: The son of Egypt's deposed president says he hasn't been able to speak with his father and doesn't know where he is. Former president Mohamed Morsy, shown here in these file pictures, hasn't been seen in public since his overthrow last week. Authorities will only say he's in a, quote, "safe place."
Chinese officials accuse British pharmaceutical company GlaxoSmithKline of orchestrating a campaign of bribery and corruption aimed at artificially boosting drug prices. Authorities say company officials, quote, "confessed" after being questioned.
Former Bosnian-Serb general Radovan Karadzic will once again face a genocide charge, one that he was acquitted of last year. The UN-backed tribunal has decided to reinstate that charge related to ethnic cleansing during the 1990s Balkan wars.
And prosecutors have just finished their closing arguments in the George Zimmerman murder trial in Florida. He's accused of killing an unarmed African-American teenager, Trayvon Martin, in a case that has sparked debate about racial profiling. Earlier, the judge ruled the jury could consider a lesser charge of manslaughter. The defense gives its closing argument on Friday.
And the closing bell ends a rally on Wall Street, with both the Dow and S&P jumping to record highs. Those are the closing numbers. Look at that, 15,000 and nearly 500. That's remarkable, isn't it? This after Fed chairman Ben Bernanke's comments that further stimulus is appropriate to help the US economy recover.
Police in California have released recordings of frantic calls to emergency services after the Asiana flight crash-landed at San Francisco Airport -- International Airport on Saturday. Miguel Marquez reports.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE (via telephone): We just got in a plane crash and there are a lot of people that need help.
UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE (via telephone): We have people over here who are -- who aren't found and they're burned --
911 DISPATCHER: OK --
UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: -- really badly.
MIGUEL MARQUEZ, CNN CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): A chilling description of the traumatic scene as passengers escape the burning aircraft in a desperate plea for emergency medical assistance.
UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE (via telephone): We've been on the ground -- I don't know -- 20 minutes, a half hour. There are people laying on the tarmac with critical injuries, head injuries, and we're almost losing a woman here. We're trying to keep her alive.
MARQUEZ: And overnight, a somber moment on an airport runway. Family members of the two girls who died and others who were injured on Asiana Flight 214 visit the crash scene. And for the first time, six members of the Asiana flight crew make a stand of solidarity, with six of their colleagues still in the hospital, emotion and anguish is written in their faces.
"We are putting in our best effort," she says, "to recover form this accident." Many crediting the heroic actions of the flight crew for saving so many lives. Investigators now say three flight attendants were ejected from the plane still in their seats, a fourth injured by an emergency slide that deployed inside the cabin. They also pulled out extinguishers and fought fires as passengers escaped.
Investigators now say it took a minute and a half for that evacuation to begin. This as we are learning more about the investigation itself, NTSB saying two and a half minutes before impact, there were several changes to auto pilot and auto throttle modes. What's still not clear is whether the pilots themselves were making those changes.
The pilot of the aircraft also told investigators at 500 feet he was temporarily blinded by a light.
DEBORAH HERSMAN, NTSB CHAIRWOMAN: He did talk to us about the approach and landing, he relayed that to us, but it was a temporary issue.
MARQUEZ: Airport and airline officials eager to get back to full operations as arrangements are made to move the charred remains of Flight 214.
Miguel Marquez, CNN, San Francisco.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
ANDERSON: Well, US investigators are still trying to find out the reasons behind the crash, but what we do know about the last moments of the flight are pretty sketchy at this point. Earlier, I asked CNN's Richard Quest, who is an aviation expert, to go through those final moments with me and talk us through what we believe, at least, happened at this point.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
RICHARD QUEST, CNN INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: By the time we get to 73 seconds before impact, the auto pilot has been disengaged, so they are hand flying the aircraft. And the auto throttle, think of that as a glorified cruise control, that is regulating the speed of the engines. But there's a lot of confusion over whether it was engaged or whether it was armed or the status of that. And they didn't seem to concentrate on that much.
So, we move forward, and at 34 seconds before impact, look at the speed. The speed has now dropped below what it should be. It's three knots below what it should be. And the pilot in the left seat notices, the plane is flying too low. The pilot flying says he sees a flash of light. We don't know what it is.
ANDERSON: We know nothing about that at this point?
QUEST: No. But this is the point, Becky -- this is the point where if they called for a go-around and actually put the full power on, they've still got enough speed -- they're low and they're slow, but if he called -- if the one in the left-hand seat, the captain, had called for a go-around then, they'd have stood -- well, it would have been a very different story.
But they don't. They continue. At 16 seconds, now the speed is really bleeding off quite sharply, and the pilot notices -- the pilot flying -- he's not on the center line. That's the center line, right at the middle. The importance of this, again, even though it's slow, even though it's low, they could have called for a go-around.
And when you go around, you literally push the thrust levers as far forward as you can, gaining TOGA power, take-off, go-around power. But they didn't. They carried on the approach, and the speed continues to bleed off.
And by the time you get to this point when they do call go-around, they just don't have the power. You don't have the power to beat the stall that the plane is now in.
ANDERSON: So, we've got this situation and the evacuation from this takes something like a minute and a half. Your sense of whether that works or not?
QUEST: Ah! The problem with this is it's not the evacuation takes a minute and a half, but the evacuation didn't begin for a minute and a half, because now what we know -- and this is what is turning into an extraordinary aspect -- the flight attendant asked the captain, "Should I evacuate the aircraft?"
And he said, "Wait." And according to Deborah Hersman -- and she says it's unusual -- according to Deborah Hersman, the chair of the NTSB, it took a minute and a half before they started the evacuation.
ANDERSON: Let's have a listen to what we know.
UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE (through translator): First, after the plane stopped completely, I went into the cockpit to see whether the captain was alive or not. I knocked the cockpit door, the captain opened it, and I asked, "Are you OK, Captain?"
And he said, "Yes, I'm OK."
I asked, "Should I perform evacuation?" And he told me to wait.
QUEST: And the -- the thing is, an aircraft is designed to be evacuated in 90 seconds with half the doors inoperable. That's the certification regulation. And most pilots -- look at the British Airways crash at the -- with the -- at Heathrow with the doors on the engines. Again, as soon as that plane was on the ground, they evacuated.
So, what the question for the authorities will be is this: never mind why it crashed, but once it crashed, why didn't the captain immediately order an evacuation, and if so, what was going on?
(END VIDEOTAPE)
ANDERSON: More questions than answers still, but certainly a sense of what it seems happened on that fateful flight.
Live from London, you're watching CONNECT THE WORLD. I'm Becky Anderson for you. Tonight, it may look like an ordinary table, but this simple structure could save your life. Find out why after this.
And then, a few beauty tips that are quite literally out of this world.
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
ANDERSON: The earthquake in Haiti, you'll remember, in 2010 was a complete catastrophe. Up to 200,000 people were thought to have died in the destruction. Well, that disaster inspired one man millions of miles away to invent a product that could help save lives. In tonight's Blueprint, we introduce you to the Israeli designer behind the earthquake- proof table.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
ARTHUR BRUTTER, DESIGNER: The earthquake-proof table started here when I was a student at the Bezalel Academy of Art. Ido was my lecturer and guided me through this project. Basically, I wanted to find a solution for problems during natural disasters.
IDO BRUNO, PROFESSOR, DESIGNER: We estimate there are about 300 million schoolchildren who are under danger of earthquake or earthquake zones which have weak school buildings.
BRUTTER: He showed me a lot of pictures from an earthquake. One of the pictures was showing a school that was completely crushed in Haiti.
BRUNO: It's a table that children can get under in case there is debris falling from the ceiling.
BRUTTER: The common drill in schools is to go underneath the table when there is an earthquake. This table, you have much better chance to survive if you hide underneath it.
BRUNO: When we drop a weight of 400 or 500 kilos on a standard school table, the one that people are instructed to go under in case of an earthquake, the results are quite sickening. When we began testing our earthquake table, we realized that we really made a change.
(APPLAUSE)
BRUNO: What we actually see here is a prototype after being tested. It's been impacted by a thousand kilos, and we can see that it's absorbed the energy on both sides. The -- actually, the plate is designed to break into two, and we have these cylinders here absorb the energy, transmit it down the legs, and you can see that the space underneath is protected.
Ron Arad is a very famous designer, maybe one of the most famous product designers, furniture designers. He's got an architectural design - - a museum in Holland was actually designed by Ron Arad
RON ARAD, DESIGNER: The main achievement is not in the solutions, but the intentions, the recognizing the potential of school desks as a shelter, as a mini shelter. I think that's fantastic. It is, in a way, a very big story. It is still a diagram of an idea.
BRUTTER: If I just sit under the table --
ARAD: You're a big kid.
BRUTTER: Yes, I know.
ARAD: Get in, get in. Let's see, let's see two kids in it. OK. And I'll get -- I'll get the big fat kid. Are you OK?
In times of disaster, people like to huddle together and to have -- a double cage rather than a cage of two singles. This is something you discussed?
BRUNO: Of course. Of course.
BRUTTER: Actually, I really connect to what Ron is saying about two people in a moment of stress need to --
ARAD: I would like to see more invention in it and more surprises and more excitement, but who am I? I've thought about doing a show-stopper visually, but doing a disaster-stopper, and it should be judged as this.
BRUTTER: For me, it was very interesting, when I was a student, I learned about Ron's work. Now you can show him your own project and get some really interesting insight.
BRUNO: Both of us believe that our talent should be directed towards lifesaving devices. It's the best thing a designer can contribute.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
ANDERSON: Coming up after the break on CONNECT THE WORLD here, I'm -- that's only 90 seconds away -- I'm going to bring you comrades of Nelson Mandela looking back on the police raid that led to his arrest. We're 50 years on.
And then, the media frenzy set to descend on the royal baby. We take a look at what is to come in the days or possibly weeks to come here in London. Stay with us.
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ANDERSON: Well, today is the 50th anniversary of the police raid that led to Nelson Mandela serving 27 years in prison. As the anti-apartheid icon remains in a critical but stable condition, we're told, in hospital in South Africa, we meet some of the men who stood shoulder-to-shoulder with him in the fight against injustice. Errol Barnett filed this report for you.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
(LAUGHTER)
ERROL BARNETT, CNN INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): Sharing a laugh, Ahmed Kathrada and Denis Goldberg recount memories of their comrade, Nelson Mandela. All three were sentenced to life in prison for their roles during the struggle against apartheid. Both recently saw the ailing icon in hospital.
DENIS GOLDBERG, MANDELA FRIEND: He's a very old man, twice as drawn, tube down his -- into his lungs, so he couldn't speak. But he seemed to be moving his mouth as if he were trying to answer or say something.
AHMED KATHRADA, MANDELA FRIEND: It's very difficult. We're going through a very, very difficult time. As expected of course, especially having known him for 67 years.
BARNETT: Kathrada served time on Robben Island alongside Mandela, smuggling out handwritten manuscripts which would become Mandela's autobiography, "Long walk to Freedom." Both he and Goldberg are coming together here ahead of a milestone without their close friend.
BARNETT (on camera): Back in 1960, the African National Congress was banned, so its members went underground. Nelson Mandela and other anti- apartheid activists hid out here at Liliesleaf Farm in Johannesburg. They wore disguises, went by pseudonyms, and plotted an armed rebellion against the apartheid government.
But 50 years ago, on July 11th, 1963, police raided this farm, changing the course of history.
GOLDBERG: Death was in the air. There was not a doubt. The hatred was palpable.
KATHRADA: So, the vehicles came that way.
BARNETT: So, they pulled up here?
KATHRADA: Yes. And they came here.
BARNETT: Up to the main house?
KATHRADA: Yes. The left part of the house, and we could see all that.
BARNETT (voice-over): Evidence seized during the raid would be used against Mandela, Goldberg, Kathrada, and others during the famous Rivonia Trial. These activists would use the trial to make a political statement before eight of them received life sentences.
GOLDBERG: And we would show that the apartheid state was based inherently on violence to maintain itself in power and had to be overturned in the name of humanity and democracy.
BARNETT: It would be decades before the men saw the apartheid regime crumble. Goldberg served 22 years and Kathrada 26 before Nelson Mandela was released and became the country's first democratically-elected president. They both fear that when Mandela, who they call Madiba, passes, so too will interest in the people and places that were part of the struggle.
GOLDBERG: I keep saying about Madiba, it was a whole movement. He's a brilliant leader. But there was a whole movement, you know? And we forget about people, and we shouldn't. We shouldn't.
BARNETT: Errol Barnett, CNN, Johannesburg, South Africa.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
ANDERSON: Well, she may be quite a lot younger than Nelson Mandela, but only 15 years old, Malala Yousufzai has also been an inspiration to millions of people across the globe. She's the Pakistani teenager who was shot by the Taliban last October in an attempt to silence her campaign for girls' education.
Well, Friday this week is her 16th birthday, and she'll be presenting a petition at the United Nations to fund schooling for young people around the world. Well, earlier, I caught up with the education campaigner Sarah Brown and three young girls at London's Southbank Centre to talk about the importance of going to school. Have a listen to this.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
ANDERSON: I'm with Sarah Brown. We are joined by three girls here today who've got questions for both you and me, and I think we've probably got some questions for them as well.
Keya, first up.
KEYA, 18, DELEGATE, PLAN INTERNATIONAL: How important was your education and why?
SARAH BROWN, CO-FOUNDER, A WORLD AT SCHOOL: I don't know if at the time I valued my education as much as I should, but I certainly do looking back. I know that it got me all the way through school, through university, and has given me every career opportunity I have now. So yes, I value my education.
ANDERSON: Who's inspired you the most?
KEYA: I think my parents have. I'd say that they've both -- they didn't get to go to university or have the best education, because they were both in Bangladesh, but they've both achieved me and my sisters getting into university, or I'm about to go to university next year.
ANDERSON: Up next, Pooja.
POOJA, 17, DELEGATE, PLAN INTERNATIONAL: What is Malala Day mean to you? Both of you?
BROWN: I think Malala Day is a combination of an awful lot of work of an awful lot of people around the world, but it's also culminating around the actions of one very brave girl that has captured the imagination of millions of people around the world.
ANDERSON: And what I think is very important is that Malala is not the exception that proves the rule going forward. She mustn't be the exception. We must see more girls in education around the world.
Come on in, Emma.
EMMA, 16, DELEGATE, PLAN INTERNATIONAL: OK. So, why do you two in particular feel that girls' education is so important?
BROWN: I think that all education is important, but I think what's different for girls is there's been a big disparity between the education that girls are receiving and boys are receiving across the world, and that there are too many things that go against girls, not just education, and that we need to address them. So, I think equal rights is at the core of that.
ANDERSON: You can see that putting more girls through primary and secondary education is, in fact, incredibly useful for a country's growth. It's incredibly useful for the way that a country's perceived going forward. So, it's also about countries benefiting from putting half or more of their population, their younger generation through the sort of -- the productivity mix.
BROWN: With your experiences at school, what's brought you to want to feel so passionate about being an activist for girls' education?
EMMA: I think it came to that initial thing you see on the news, you see these horrible things happening, you hear Malala's been shot, a 15- year-old girl, the same age that I was. Do you know what I mean?
That just hits you with so much force, and I think it's just that, that just rise up of passion to really fight to change something, whether it's like baby steps or massive steps, I think it just starts the ball rolling with in you, and you just -- you don't want it to stop.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
ANDERSON: Sarah Brown with me. Sarah Brown is, of course, the wife of the former prime minister, here, Gordon Brown. London Southbank Centre one of a host of places that will be live streaming Malala's petition at the UN.
Girls like those you saw already there and active, they're doing their bit. As you would expect, CNN will be, too. We'll have special coverage of Malala Day. My colleague Fionnuala Sweeney will be live from UN headquarters with a special edition of iDesk, that's Friday, starting at 2:30 PM in London, 5:30 Abu Dhabi, and 9:30 in Hong Kong, right here on CNN.
Well, the birth of a royal heir is a rare event, so it is not surprising that media from around the world have descended on London in anticipation of the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge's first child. To give you an idea of what is happening around town as we wait, here is a very quick look behind the scenes for you.
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ANDERSON: You join me on Beck's whistle-stop tour to the most important London landmarks in what is the next chapter in the British royal family. This is Kensington Palace, which is where William and Catherine will live with their new baby. William and Harry lived there in the past.
It is under renovation at the moment. We believe that Kate has spent some months during her pregnancy overseeing construction.
This is the Lindo Wing of St. Mary's Hospital. Follow me. This is where William was born and we first set eyes on him in Diana's arms in 1982, and not surprisingly, the world's media are here, ready for that money shot.
You're from AP. How important an event is this for you?
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Well, this is one of the biggest events we've got in this country so far. It's the first royal baby this century, so you can't get much bigger than that, can you?
ANDERSON: And I found a snapper here, the old paparazzi. You're from the "Daily Star," sir. Big moment for you?
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Yes, absolutely, yes. Very excited. Very excited, indeed. Lots of anticipation, as you can see. So, everyone's very keen to get the picture, aren't they? They've actually packed the podium. There'll be ladders going everywhere.
ANDERSON: And it is on these steps that those cameras will be trained. Once the birth certificate is signed here at the Lindo Wing at St. Mary's Hospital, it'll then go under armed guard to Buckingham Palace, and that is where we are headed. Let's go.
Now, it won't surprise you that the media are setting up in force here, and that is because once the Duchess of Cambridge gives birth, the announcement will be posted on an easel at the palace over there, and that is the first time we will find out whether the royal heir is either male or female.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
ANDERSON: Stay tuned. And in tonight's Parting Shots, we take you to outer space. You may remember a few weeks ago, I spoke to astronaut Karen Nyberg aboard the International Space Station.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
ANDERSON: You've given up trying to tie your hair down?
KAREN NYBERG, ASTRONAUT: Yes, sometimes I wear my hair out, sometimes I tie it up. I try to, when I'm working in close quarters with other people, I try to keep it -- the main goal is to keep it out of other people's faces.
(END VIDEO CLIP)
ANDERSON: Well, after our chat, a number of my team had a burning question. Just how do female astronauts wash their hair? Well, here's how.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
NYBERG: What I like to do is start by just putting some hart water, squirting it onto my scalp, and I have a mirror, here, so I can kind of watch what I'm doing. Sometimes the water gets away from you, and you try and catch as much as you can. And I take my no-rinse shampoo and squirt it also on the scalp, just a little bit.
And I like to take my towel, while I have the shampoo in there, and just kind of work it. It actually feels kind of squeaky clean right now. The water evaporates from my hair, it will become humidity in the air, and then our air conditioning system will collect that into condensate and it won't be long, and our water processing system will turn that into drinking water.
(END VIDEO CLIP)
ANDERSON: My goodness. If there's anybody out there, they're going to be really scared by her, aren't they?
I'm Becky Anderson, that was CONNECT THE WORLD, thank you for watching. From the team here in London, it's a very good evening. CNN continues after this.
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