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Connect the World
America Reacts To Zimmerman Verdict; Track Stars Tyson Gay, Asafa Powell Tests Positive For Performance Enhancing Drugs; China's Economy Slows
Aired July 15, 2013 - 16:00 ET
THIS IS A RUSH TRANSCRIPT. THIS COPY MAY NOT BE IN ITS FINAL FORM AND MAY BE UPDATED.
BECKY ANDERSON, HOST: A tragic and unnecessary death, the words of America's top prosecutor as he says an investigation into the death of this unarmed black teenager will continue.
This year's fastest man in the world now engulfed in a drug scandal just weeks before the world championships.
And picking a pen name, why authors like JK Rowling go undercover.
ANNOUNCER: Live from CNN London, this is Connect the World with Becky Anderson.
ANDERSON: First up tonight, a verdict hasn't quieted the storm of controversy over what is a racially charged case in the United States. Americans outraged by George Zimmerman's acquittal held new protests today while his supporters are using social media to defend his innocence.
Over the weekend, a Florida jury decided not to convict Zimmerman of murder or even the lesser charge of manslaughter for the shooting death of unarmed teenager Trayvon Martin, but that doesn't mean Zimmerman's legal troubles are over. Today, the U.S. attorney general himself said the federal government is still considering whether to file civil charges. Now it's investigating whether Zimmerman, a volunteer neighborhood watchmen confronted Trayvon Martin last year because the teen was African-American.
Well, Zimmerman's attorney denies race was a factor saying Martin had been acting suspiciously. They say Zimmerman was forced to defend himself after Martin attacked him.
We're going to do this story across all divides tonight. The case has polarized the United States and tonight we'll hear from both sides. We'll speak to long-time civil rights activist and former presidential candidate Jesse Jackson and conservative Tea Party radio host David Webber.
First, though, I want to get you an update on where we stand on this story. In Sanford, Florida where the trial was held, Shannon Travis joins us with the very latest - Shannon.
SHANNON TRAVIS, CNN CORRESPONDENT: Hello there, Becky.
Yeah, this is the community where all of this unfolded just about 17 months ago. Today, the community is hoping that after the weekend protests that the prayers can begin now going forward. I'm standing outside of one of the churches here in Sanford, Florida that held a prayer vigil, a prayer service, praying for healing and unity in the face of this verdict, many other churches in the area and in the county held the same.
But as you mentioned, this potential, this potential for federal, federal civil rights charges looms large. So it essentially means that George Zimmerman has been cleared in the state's case, but not necessarily all his legal problems are over.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Not guilty.
TRAVIS: George Zimmerman is a free man, according to the state of Florida, but now the federal government is weighing possible action. Today in Washington, Attorney General Eric Holder addressed the case publicly for the first time since the verdict.
ERIC HOLDER, U.S. ATTORNEY GENERAL: I share your concern.
TRAVIS: On the issue of whether the Justice Department will file civil rights charges, Holder says the investigation is ongoing.
HOLDER: We are resolved, as you are, to combat violence involving or directed at young people, to prevent future tragedies and to deal with the underlying attitudes, mistaken beliefs, and stereotypes that serve as the basis for these too-common incidents.
TRAVIS: Martin family attorney Ben Crump believes there's little doubt what Zimmerman did that night.
BENJAMIN CRUMP, MARTIN FAMILY ATTORNEY: That's profiling. And there's a big question if that is allowed. And so I think the Justice Department should look at that.
TRAVIS: But those who know Zimmerman say that's just not true.
JORGE RODRIQUEZ, GEORGE ZIMMERMAN'S NEIGHBOR: This is so far from being racial it's not even funny.
TRAVIS: On Sunday, President Obama pleaded for calm reflection over the not guilty verdict. Protests have been mostly peaceful, if not impassioned.
In Sanford, Florida, local pastors organized a noon day prayer to promote peace and unity in their community.
JEFF TRIPLETT, MAYOR OF SANFORD, FLORIDA: Blessed by the peacemakers, for they will be called children of god.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
TRAVIS: Now Becky, the oldest civil rights organization here in the United States, the NAACP, they are pushing for the Justice Department to file those civil rights charges against Zimmerman. They've actually - they've actually started an online petition with them and another group, MoveOn.org. They say that they've collected 800,000 responses to their online petition - Becky.
ANDERSON: Shannon, thank you for that.
So, to recap, Justice Department officials are considering a civil rights suit charging Zimmerman violated Trayvon Martin's civil rights by taking his life.
But federal prosecutors will have to prove that Zimmerman had specific intent to kill Martin because he was African-American. Experts say that is a high standard.
It's a legal strategy that's worked before, remember the Rodney King case in 1991. I'll take you back to then. Four Los Angeles police officers were caught on camera beating King who was an African-American. After the officers were acquitted in criminal court, the case moved to a federal court where two of the officers were found guilty of violating King's civil rights. They were each sentenced to 30 months in prison.
Well, civil rights activist Jesse Jackson says the Federal government should get involved in this case, because, quote, there is a Trayvon in every town in America.
Reverend Jackson is president of the Rainbow Push Coalition, a non- profit the pursues social justice.
I guess the question, and the most important question, having heard from Eric Holder tonight who to a certain extent is vowing, although not actually using those terms, but suggesting they will pursue a case. Yet, is there a case that meets the benchmark for authorities to pursue a civil federal rights case that race was a factor, Jesse?
JESSE JACKSON, RAINBOW PUSH COALITION: Well, of course, there will be a civil suit filed, no doubt. But the evidence is apparently clear that an unarmed young black boy heading to his family's castle of their house was followed by an armed vigilante, wannabe cop, and chose to follow him. If he had been a white kid going what he thought to be home, he would have been safe, it seems, but instead he chose to follow him.
He called the police, which had called 47 other cases...
ANDERSON: Because you're saying it seems, at this point. Jesse, let me just stop you there. Because this is important, you say it seems..
JACKSON: Well, I say it seems...
ANDERSON: My question to you, sir, is is there a case to enact the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which was a landmark piece of civil rights legislation in the United States that outlawed major forms of discrimination against racial, ethnic, national and religious minorities. What is it in this case that you believe absolutely warrants an investigation?
JACKSON: Absolutely. As a matter of fact, there's a (inaudible) every time. There's Oscar Grant killed in Oakland. There's a (inaudible). There's Diallo shot 41 times in his hallway in New York City, police walked away. Even those who beat Rodney King, those police walked away.
When Zimmerman killed Trayvon, he turned his gun into police and said I murdered him. For 44 days, he was free. We had to protest to get a court procedure going. The day Zimmerman admitted he killed Trayvon, an unarmed black boy, he got his gun back. He has the gun he killed Trayvon with is now back in his possession again. It is upsetting. It's not fair. And we're traumatized by the result of the jury.
ANDERSON: Jesse, we absolutely acknowledge the outrage in this case. And the polarization of the - not just the American population, but many, many people around the world who are talking about this case, though it is very important to get the facts straight. And you and I know this, in this case.
So let's listen to the initial 911 call made by George Zimmerman. And let's interrogate that. Hold on.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
GEORGE ZIMMERMAN: This guy looks like he's up to no good or he's on drugs or something. It's raining and he's just walking around looking about.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: OK. And this guy, is he white, black, or Hispanic?
ZIMMERMAN: He looks black.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Did you see what he was wearing?
ZIMMERMAN: Yeah...
(END VIDEO CLIP)
ANDERSON: Jesse, I'm no lawyer, but when we interrogate whether there - hang on, Jesse.
JACKSON: He looks black.
ANDERSON: Hang on for a minute. I'm no lawyer, but when we interrogate whether there is a civil rights case here, because that would be huge. And the world will be watching. This is 2013. If, indeed, the state, the federal government, the Department of Justice is to launch an investigation it's important that we look at the facts here. Does Zimmerman ever accuse or use racial profiling here?
JACKSON: The fact is, Trayvon did nothing - he said he was following him, because he looks black wandering around. Why would he follow him in the first place, except he looks black. And he's going to his father's house. He is in the right place at the right time. It is Zimmerman who is in the wrong place assuming the wrong authority. And when police told him do not follow Trayvon, he did anyhow.
He is armed. He killed this boy and walked away. And I might add, when he walked away the police, in fact, did not do a drug test on him, did not do an alcohol test on him, he walked away free for 44 days. It's not right.
ANDERSON: Jesse Jackson, always a pleasure to have you on. We thank you very much indeed for joining us.
Our next guest says race was not a factor in this case. And the U.S. government should not get involved. Interesting. David Webb is co-founder of the New York City Tea Party. He's host of the David Webb show on Sirius XM radio.
You've heard what Jesse Jackson said. He makes a pretty good case, doesn't he for a civil rights case at this point? It would be a big deal.
DAVID WEBB, NEW YORK CITY TEA PARTY FOUNDER: No. In fact, he doesn't make a good case. And you brought up a number of points which he won't answer, but deflect from. One, in Florida you have the ability, if the prosecutors had the evidence, to charge on the basis of bias. They did not.
Two, Zimmerman was charged with second-degree murder and was acquitted of not only that, but the lesser charges.
The FBI looked into this last year and they said there was no evidence to show that this was racial profiling.
Also, in the 911 call, he is being asked for identifying information by the 911 operator, who by the way, is also not a police officer. So he did not disobey lawful order under the law. Police officer, they give you an order, that is a lawful order. A 911 operator is not a police officer in that respect...
ANDERSON: All right, David. David, let me make sure that we remain sort of contextualized tonight. I want to take this outside of the States, because you're talking to an international audience who I must say has been watching this case and certainly was very much across the result of this case over the weekend.
One of the questions that I've been asking myself, and certainly the team here, and many, many people who have been watching this case international is simply this: why was racial profiling left out of what appears to have been a very myopic case that was talked to in both defense and prosecution. And let me put it to you, if the Department of Justice were to open a federal investigation, a civil rights case, in 2013 would be a pretty big deal, wouldn't it?
WEBB: It would be a pretty big deal, but is also a high burden, as you mentioned in the beginning of the segment, to provide that proof. And here we have again the former FBI investigation last year. The state - so if you want to broaden it to where they would go with this, they would have to meet a very high burden. This shouldn't be done just haphazardly or for the sake of political - and there is a political component to this.
So, we have to look at this from where we are in 2013. Is there racism in the world? Absolutely. Is this a case of outright racism, or in some form? No, it doesn't appear to be on the evidence. And there doesn't even appear to be circumstances that show it to be a profiling by race. Again, he was asked for an identification, black or Hispanic. He said - I believe he said I think he appears, or he appears black. That is not racism.
ANDERSON: David, then you must be pretty uncomfortable with the idea that Martin's case is, or may at least be turned into a cause celebre, a litmus test of justice in America. You've got to concede that there is at least ground to question the issues this has thrown up - gun laws, racial profiling, alleged police incompetence.
WEBB: In this case, and we have now seen - as the case played out and the acquittals on all levels of charges - there wasn't. There was a political component to the prosecution. They overcharged.
I am concerned, but I would rather them have a full investigation, because an investigation plays out based on the evidence. And if they find evidence of racism and civil rights violations it does. On the other hand, for the country and for the world, that if they find a case where there was none, that is also important.
But that is not the interest of the - of those who are the race profiteers. And those are the people who are interested in a determined outcome based on race to continue to drive that America is overwhelmingly a racist nation, which it is absolutely not.
ANDERSON: David, it has been a pleasure having you on. David Webb, co-founder of the New York City Tea Party. You heard from Jesse Jackson and our reporter on the spot earlier on. Chaps, thank you very much indeed for that. This story is far from over and neither is the debate it has sparked.
This is a story that is getting people reacting around the world, as I say. I want to know what you think, give us your reaction to the verdict and the state of race relations where you live.
Upload what you have to say - iReport.com. That is iReport.com.
We've been checking those tonight. We'll use them as part of the narrative here on CNN as ever. It's a really good way of getting yourself involved in the discussion. iReport.com.
Still to come tonight, Egypt's political crisis continues with the new government taking new actions against several Muslim Brotherhood leaders.
Plus, as China's growth slows in the second quarter, we're going to take a look at the government's economic strategy. That just ahead.
Quarter past 9:00 in London. Stay with us.
And an insight into life in North Korea and why people risk their lives to flee. My interview with filmmaker Anne Chin (ph) coming up.
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
ANDERSON: You're watching CNN. This is Connect the World. I'm Becky Anderson for you in London. Now, Egypt's public prosecutor has frozen the assets of 14 Islamist leaders, including this man, Mohammed Bedie. He's the spiritual leader of the Muslim Brotherhood. And along with other Brotherhood leaders, he is already the subject of arrest warrants over an investigation into deadly clashes that followed Mohamed Morsy's ouster from power earlier this year.
Well, the latest action against the Muslim Brotherhood comes as the UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon calls on Egypt's new leaders to move towards national reconciliation.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
BAN KI-MOON, UN SECRETARY-GENERAL: I'm very much troubled that there was a report that they have arrested more than 200 senior officials of Muslim Brotherhood. This is not the time of revenge or retribution, this is a time for inclusion and reconciliation.
(END VIDEO CLIP)
ANDERSON: Well, Spain's prime minister says he will not resign over his party's slush fund scandal. Mariano Rajoy is facing renewed pressure to step down after Spanish newspaper El Mundo published what it says are messages of support for the man at the center of the scandal.
Luis Barcenas, the party's former treasurer, now he says - sorry, Barcenas is in custody, accused of making secret payments to politicians. According to the newspaper El Mundo, one text from Mr. Rajoy reads, "Luis, I understand. Keep courage. I will call you tomorrow."
Myanmar's president says his government will release all political prisoners in the country by the end of the year. Thein Sein made his remarks after meeting the British prime minister David Cameron in London.
Myanmar has pushed through major reforms since he took office in 2010, but the government is still accused of human rights violations, including failing to protect Rohingya Muslims from ethnic violence.
Well, China's economy slowed further in the second quarter. It was actually what the government wants as it tries to restructure the economy, at least that's what they say. CNN's David McKenzie explains from Beijing.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
DAVID MCKENZIE, CNN INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: The GDP numbers here in China were expected. Analysts predicted around 7.5 percent growth. That's down from quarter one. And shows an overall downward trend in the last few quarters.
China's government has hinted that economy might be slowing and say that anything about 7 percent in some cases would be acceptable for 2013.
It also points to an overall strategy of Premier Li Keqiang and his team to slowly cool off the economy and shift away from manufacturing and export driven towards more retail, consumer-driven, more normal economy as it were.
There are still risks with that strategy, though. You could see an overall hiccup in the coming months, say analysts. But they feel that long-term sustainable growth above these numbers is probably impossible. And so, to avoid any social instability and to try and get to a more normal economy that perhaps the Chinese government is doing the right thing.
David McKenzie, CNN, Beijing.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
ANDERSON: Well, a Bangladeshi court has sentenced a former leader of the Islamist party there to 90 years in jail. Ghulam Azam, a man in his 90s, was found guilty of 61 crimes against humanity dating to the 1971 war of independence against Pakistan. A special panel said Azam would have been given the death penalty if he were not of such an advanced age.
Medical examiners are expected to perform an autopsy today on the actor Cory Monteith. He's best known for his role in the hit television show Glee.
Well, that was Monteith there performing on the popular series. The 31-year-old was found Saturday in his hotel room in Vancouver in Canada. The cause of his death not known, but police have ruled out foul play.
Well, live from London, this is Connect the World. I'm Becky Anderson. 20 minutes past 9:00 here. Coming up, a dark day for athletics as two of the world's fastest ever sprinters test positive for banned drugs.
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
ANDERSON: You're with Connect the World. I'm Becky Anderson. Welcome back.
Now with just three weeks to go to the World Athletics Championships, the sport has been rocked, I'm afraid, by another massive doping scandal. Former world champion Tyson Gay of the U.S., seen here on the left, and Jamaica's ex-100 meter world record holder Asafa Powell, or Asafa Powell, the man on the right, both tested positive for banned substances and four other Jamaican athletes, let me tell you, have had positive results in tests conducted at the Jamaican championships.
Gay posted the world's fastest 100 meters time for the year. He was told by the U.S. anti-doping agency on Friday that his sample from out of competition tests in May was positive. And just a few hours ago, sporting giant Adidas decided to cancel its sponsorship contract with him.
Let's find out what this latest doping scandal means for the world of Athletics. I'm joined by CNN's Amanda Davies. This has got to be another blow to athletics and what is a signature event of the 100 meters.
AMANDA DAVIES, CNN SPORTS CORREPSONDENT: Yeah. And this is two of the biggest names from two of the biggest sprinting nations in, as you said, the flagship event just three weeks ahead of the World Championships, the second biggest event for athletics after the Olympics which was just year ago. And this isn't the first time, is it, Becky, that this event has been affected by these problems.
This is a list of the fastest hundred meters runners in the world. As we just said, Tyson Gay has tested positive. Not only Tyson Gay, Yohan Blake in 2009, he was banned for three months for testing positive. Asafa Powell tested positive on Sunday. Justin Gatlin has actually had two bans. And Steve Mullins as well.
So just a handful, you can see, who haven't got a black mark of some description...
ANDERSON: I've got to say, so this is, what, July. Last August, we sat and, you know, were enthralled as the rest of the world was, as you and I, commented on the Olympics from London. What an incredible event that was. And what an incredible event the 100 meters.
I'm absolutely distraught to see this sort of news. Does it, though, say that at least dopers are being flushed out, if this, I guess, positive?
DAVIES: That's the argument from the athletics governing body, the IAAF. They have said that their systems have been enhanced, not diminished, by these positive tests. But it is undoubtedly a huge, huge blow for the image of the sport, for people watching can you believe what you see?
And it's that age-old problem, Becky, that the rewards still far outweigh the risks. For all the progress that is being made that the cheats will always stay ahead of the testers, because you can only test what you know about.
ANDERSON: Very briefly, Jamaica, Jamaica, Jamaica, well let's see these two guys now, of course. Anything that we must surmise about where these guys are training, who they're working with?
DAVIES: It's very difficult to say. People never test positive, it seems, for something that doesn't help their sport. Sprinters will always test positive for something that helps sprinters. Endurance athletes will always test positive for something that helps endurance events. They say, not knowingly, but it is very difficult when you see the evidence to believe that.
ANDERSON: Not that by any stretch of the imagination we are suggesting anything about any one country, which is represented here. It just seems sad to see one flag standing out tonight.
Amanda, thank you very much indeed. The latest world news headlines just ahead.
Plus, we report on the latest wave of state terror and violence targeting Coptic Christians in Egypt.
Also ahead, why JK Rowling has been using Harry's invisibility cloak for her latest project.
And watching and waiting for a royal baby. An update from outside the hospital still to come.
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
ANDERSON: This is CNN, half past 9:00 out of London, I'm Becky Anderson for you. This is CONNECT THE WORLD. The headlines this hour.
The US attorney general says that the federal government is still considering whether to pursue civil rights charges against George Zimmerman. Now, a Florida jury found the neighborhood watchman not guilty at the weekend in the shooting death of unarmed African-American teenager, Trayvon Martin. The government investigating whether race played a factor in the case.
Spain's prime minister says he will not resign over a scandal in his party. Mariano Rajoy says the controversy also won't hamper his plans for reforms. He's facing renewed pressure after Spanish newspaper "El Mundo" published what it says are messages of support for the man at the center of the scandal, the party's former treasurer.
Russian president Vladimir Putin tells Russian media that US intelligence leaker Edward Snowden seems to be shifting his position on meeting conditions for asylum. Mr. Putin has said Snowden would have to stop leaking information that harms the United States if he wants to be considered for asylum in Russia.
Militants in Egypt's Sinai have killed at least 3 people and wounded 15 in a rocket-propelled grenade attack on a bus. Reports say the vehicle was carrying cement factory workers in the town of El Arish.
And we're now getting reports of more clashes in Cairo between pro- Morsy protesters and security forces. I want to get more on this. Let's cross to our senior international correspondent, Nick Paton Walsh. What do we know at this point on these clashes, Nick?
NICK PATON WALSH, CNN SENIOR INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: Becky, I should point out, they're happening in this direction, away from me. We're not talking about large numbers at this point. What we understand from people on the scene and a variety of media reports is that pro-Muslim Brotherhood protesters blocked a road, and at that point, the security forces moved in.
I've seen images of teargas being used. At this stage, it appears to be a low-level confrontation here, but it is the first such instance we've seen in about a week or so. And as you know, it comes on a key day in which senior US official, Deputy Secretary of State William Burns came to Cairo to meet the interim government that's been quickly putting itself together over the weekend to get its foreign policy team in place, very Washington-friendly.
Mr. Burns's key point was we don't come with an American solution. They want to see an elected democratic government. And he also made another key demand, which has been the closest Washington's had, really, to having a firm stated line throughout this crisis.
Reiterating what we'd heard last week, the State Department would like to see the ousted president Mohamed Morsy, currently in military custody, released. Here's what he had to say.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
WILLIAM BURNS, US DEPUTY SECRETARY OF STATE: We've called on the military to avoid any politically-motivated arrests, and we have also called upon those who differ with the government to adhere to their absolute obligation to participate peacefully.
(END VIDEO CLIP)
WALSH: Now, Becky, it's that issue of peaceful continuation of the standoff here. We just don't know how the issue on the October 6th Bridge, which was briefly blocked, but it appears, according to some reports, to now be more open to traffic, how that will pan out.
Behind me in Tahrir Square, there were calls for both sides to bring crowds out in large numbers, but the anti-Morsy crowd seem to be reasonably low in number tonight. Not so much the case for the pro-Morsy crowd.
They continue, I think, to be tormented, almost, by the continuing security forces' crackdown against their leadership. We heard prosecutors say they'll look at complaints of spying and killing protesters against Mohamed Morsy over the weekend, assets frozen of senior Brotherhood leadership. And today, again, orders for the arrest of other senior Brotherhood as well.
So, despite William Burns clearly being hear in a capacity to suggest that a relationship between Washington and Cairo with the interim government in place could still persist and, as he says, offer support for the Egyptian people.
That political solution, the negotiation, doesn't seem to be forthcoming. We have both sides increasingly entrenched in their position, and the government continuing on its road map, regardless of the fact the Brotherhood want nothing to do with the political process.
And now, tonight, for the first time in a while, scuffles in the streets. Minor, I should say, but with tension in the air as it is, this is not scenes that anybody really wanted to see, Becky.
ANDERSON: All right, Nick Paton Walsh with what is the very latest from Cairo for you this evening.
Well, Egypt's ongoing political crisis has brought with it new challenges for the country's Coptic Christian community. They've been targeted in what is a handful of attacks since the ouster of Mohamed Morsy. Some people blame them for playing a part in the military coup. As Karl Penhaul reports from Cairo, the growing sectarian tension is a major challenge facing the interim government there.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
(MEN SINGING IN ARABIC)
KARL PENHAUL, CNN INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): Sanctuary against a threat of a sectarian backlash. Inside, this Coptic priest sprinkles holy water on the faithful. Outside, they face a flood of suspicion.
Incense smoke rises peacefully through this Cairo church, but in other parts of the country, minority Christians struggle to find refuge from smoldering religious tension.
"It may be a very small group who wants to spill blood and who are involved in terrorism, but we're not afraid," this priest told CNN.
(CHURCH BELL RINGING)
Pope Tawadros II, head of Egypt's 8 million Coptic Christians, was among political and religious leaders who back the military coup. Three days later, a priest was shot dead in a drive-by in Egypt's Sinai desert region. Military officials blame the killing on jihadists, but a fellow cleric squarely accused what he termed terrorists loyal to ousted president Mohamed Morsy.
"Two masked men riding on a motorcycle shot the reverend dead. We ask for the protection of churches and to increase security," he said.
In the same area, a Christian businessman was kidnapped, chained, and beheaded. In southern Egypt, authorities reported at least nine Christians killed since the coup. Dozens more were driven from their homes.
(CROWD CHANTING)
PENHAUL: Muslim Brotherhood power base of the deposed president has denounced Christians for backing the coup, but Father Sarabamon was cautious about blaming them for the bloodshed.
"The dangers from some of the people who adopted terrorist ideologies. The terrorist ideology exists in other people. The Muslim Brotherhood does not accept those terrorist ideologies," he said.
Despite those killings, many Christians CNN spoke to in Cairo said they're glad they helped topple President Morsy.
MARIAM MOUNIR, EGYPTIAN CITIZEN: Not only the Christians, but all the Egyptians, because he didn't do anything for the people's sake. There isn't electricity, there isn't oil, there isn't water.
PENHAUL: The challenge now for Egypt's new interim leaders may be to tame political unrest and avert wider religious conflict.
Karl Penhaul, CNN, Cairo.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
ANDERSON: You're watching CNN, this is CONNECT THE WORLD, I'm Becky Anderson for you. Still to come, the perilous path of North Koreans fleeing their homeland. I'm going to speak to a filmmaker who traveled with a group of defectors, and what a journey that was. That, coming up, up next.
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
ANDERSON: North and South Korea have again failed to reach agreement over the reopening of what is a jointly-operated industrial park in the North Korean border town of Kaesong. Now, representatives from both sides met on Monday for what is a third time since the factory shut down in April.
The closure followed Pyongyang's decision to withdraw its 53,000 workers in protest over American and South Korean military drills. The two sides will attempt to strike a deal once again at a fourth round of talks on Wednesday.
Kaesong Industrial Park had been a rare example of North cooperation with the wider world. So little is still known about what goes on within the country's borders. Most accounts come from people who have fled.
Well, I recently spoke to filmmaker Ann Shin who followed the perilous path of two women who did just that. Her documentary, "The Defector," reveals the desperate measures they and many other North Koreans are taking to escape their homeland. Have a look at this.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP - "THE DEFECTOR"
UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE (through translator): I was shaking. I couldn't breathe.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE (through translator): One person can't guide the defectors in a single stop from Yanji to the Laotian border. There are safety issues. We have to work with smugglers, they're into drugs, human trafficking, gambling
(END VIDEO CLIP)
ANDERSON: The defectors rely on -- let's call them "brokers," such as a man named Dragon in your film.
ANN SHIN, FILMMAKER, "THE DEFECTOR": Yes.
ANDERSON: Just how reliable are men or these brokers like that?
SHIN: Brokers are -- in one sense, they're human smugglers who take a fee and they carry -- they guide people across borders illegally. So, they take a certain amount of risks personally, and for that, they charge a fee.
And some of them are quite fair and up front, but others take advantage of the situation and might be chasing down the defectors afterwards to get their money or charge exorbitant interest rates.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP - "THE DEFECTORS")
UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE (through translator): There are so many things gone wrong with our country. We're suffering. They give us nothing. I was arrested by the Security Service. They beat me, my eyes were all black and bruised from the beatings. Even if I die trying, I want to get out of this country.
(END VIDEO CLIP)
ANDERSON: One of the women in your film was kidnapped as soon as she crossed into China and was sold into forced marriage before you met her. Just how vulnerable are North Korean defectors?
SHIN: An alarming number of North Korean women are trafficked into China. Because of the erstwhile one-child policy in China, there's a huge gender disparity. There's a lot more males than females. So, women are in demand.
And so, they -- the numbers are not official, but I would say clearly between 70 to 90 percent of North Korean women are trafficked once, twice, sometimes more than that in China.
ANDERSON: As many as that?
SHIN: Yes.
ANDERSON: You're talking tens of thousands.
SHIN: Yes. Yes. They're sold as brides to Chinese men. They're sold into the sex industry. Yes.
ANDERSON: What did they tell you about their lives in North Korea? Why the desperation, I think, is the question?
SHIN: Well, one woman, Sook-ja, had been working in the mines. But you don't get paid. You have to show up for work, you put in 12 hours at the mines, and you don't get paid money or food. You have to somehow scrounge in the gray market or the black market to try and arrange for food.
She tried to get in touch with her sister using an illegal cell phone. For average North Koreans, cell phones are illegal. So, she paid for the use of it through a guide or a broker and got caught. She was thrown into prison, she was beaten and tortured, and then she was thrown into prison.
When she was finally released, she said, "There's nothing left for me in this country." And she decided she would escape.
So, most -- like everyone who escapes, it's because they're at wit's end. There's no food, there's no electricity in most of North Korea.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP - "THE DEFECTOR")
UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE (through translator): It was so tense thinking that maybe they could catch us on the bus.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE (through translator): In order to avoid the inspection area, we use either a personal car or train. They only inspect the trains at night and early morning.
(END VIDEO CLIP)
ANDERSON: The women that you feature in your film, Sook-ja and Yong- hee, they were desperate to escape from North Korea. Are they happy that they made that decision, do you think?
SHIN: They're happy that they made the decision to escape, but most North Koreans have some family back home. So, freedom is never a true happiness. They're all -- it's always bittersweet.
It's hard-won freedom, and they never feel completely free of the long shadow of North Korea. They're worried that their family might suffer repercussions or that there might be spies that are trying to find out where they are.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
ANDERSON: Amazing stuff, huh? Well, coming up after this short break on CONNECT THE WORLD, we talk to an author who changed her name to bring in the big bucks. And then, betting on the baby, a look at the host of bets that are being placed on Britain's eagerly-awaited royal newcomer. That coming up after this.
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
ANDERSON: The name JK Rowling is publishing gold, isn't it, after giving the world Harry Potter? The author's new titles are met with much excitement and anticipation. So, Rowling chose to use a little wizardry to get an honest response to what is her latest story. Erin McLaughlin with the details.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
ERIN MCLAUGHLIN, CNN INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): The beloved mastermind behind Harry Potter's invisibility cloak had a clever cover of her own. "The Cuckoo's Calling" was hailed as the start of a fine film career, supposedly written by first-time author, retired military man Robert Galbraith.
"Sunday Times" arts editor Richard Brooks discovered Galbraith was not who he seemed to be. It all started with a mysterious midnight tweet to "Times" journalist India Knight.
RICHARD BROOKS, ARTS EDITOR, "THE SUNDAY TIMES": It said this is not a debut novelist. Then my colleague, India Knight, he tweeted back and said, well, if it's not, who is it? And a very short, sharp tweet came back. It's JK Rowling.
MCLAUGHLIN: The Twitter account and tweet then mysteriously disappeared, and Brooks was asked to investigate.
BROOKS: I have to say, my initial response was, hm, I don't believe this.
MCLAUGHLIN: A little digging, and he found out that Robert Galbraith had the same publisher, the same editor, and the same writing style. And sure enough, JK Rowling acknowledged the work as her own. "I'd hoped to keep the secret a little longer," she said in a statement, "because being Robert Galbraith has been such a liberating experience."
BROOKS: Since then, I have wondered -- wondered, only wondered -- if that tweet to my colleague, India Knight, could have been a certain JK Rowling.
MCLAUGHLIN: If it was a planned leak, it's worked. Sales are up over 500,000 percent on Amazon.com.
MCLAUGHLIN (on camera): This is the largest bookstore in all of Europe, and they do not have a single copy of "The Cuckoo's Calling." News of JK Rowling's latest novel caught them completely by surprise.
MCLAUGHLIN (voice-over): All thanks to a little detective work that was able to solve a detective story, and one mysterious midnight tweet.
Erin McLaughlin, CNN, London.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
ANDERSON: All right. Rowling isn't the first prominent novelist to write under a different name. Many of the world's best-selling authors adopted or adopt a pseudonym, especially when trying their hand at different genres.
Remember Mark Twain? I hope you do. The genius behind "Tom Sawyer" and "Huckleberry Finn." Well, his real name was actually Samuel Clemens. Early on, the best-selling horror author Stephen King published some books under the pen name Richard Bachman. And Lewis Carroll, author of the beloved "Alice in Wonderland" was really a Mr. Charles Dodgson.
The list goes on. But he more interesting question is not who writes under a pseudonym, but why? Why do authors decide not to put their real name on paper? Well, joining me now to shed some light on this is Alison Potter, an author better known under her invented identity of pseudonym Ali Knight. Alison or Ali -- what do you prefer?
ALISON POTTER, PUBLISHES UNDER THE NAME ALI KNIGHT: Well, since I'm here talking about work, I'm Ali. So, I'm Ali.
ANDERSON: Why?
POTTER: Well, it was really my publisher who told me --
ANDERSON: Right.
POTTER: -- to do that, but I think she was totally right. We -- in my first meeting with her when she was very excited about my first novel, "Wink Murder," she said, well, we've got a problem, which is your name. It just isn't thriller-ish enough.
ANDERSON: Alison Potter?
POTTER: Alison Potter. I write thrillers, and it just --
ANDERSON: What's wrong with it?
POTTER: It's -- Potter is wrong because in an age of search engines, you're going to end up five pages down beyond Harry --
ANDERSON: Right.
POTTER: -- and Beatrix. And as a debut writer starting out, it's a real challenge to get noticed, and you're doing --
ANDERSON: All right.
POTTER: -- everything you can to kind of help yourself.
ANDERSON: OK, so Alison or Ali, I get that. I mean, I get the Potter five sort of searches down from Harry or Beatrix, which leads me to the idea of publishing and the marketing of books.
POTTER: Yes.
ANDERSON: Is a name bigger than the story these days, do you think?
POTTER: It -- well, if you sell well, it can be.
ANDERSON: Yes.
POTTER: And you've got to put yourself in a position where you can get there. So, for example, another reason for not sticking with Ali -- with Alison, sorry -- was it doesn't translate well internationally. And these days, a writer is not just thinking about the British readers, you're thinking about readers in all sorts of different territories.
So, my first book, "Wink Murder," was translated into ten languages, which means you're dealing with Finnish, Hebrew --
ANDERSON: Right.
POTTER: Italian and Dutch, and so a shorter, snappier word just translates better internationally.
ANDERSON: Ali Knight, there you go. "Wink Murder," Ali Knight, the first -- it works on the front or the back -- I guess it works on the front cover.
POTTER: Yes, I think --
ANDERSON: George Orwell also works.
(LAUGHTER)
ANDERSON: I'm not sure that Arthur Blair would've done. Would Arthur Blair have worked?
POTTER: I think it all depends. I think with literary fiction, it's much easier to write under your own name. I think if you're doing genres, though, a thriller writer has to have a certain kind of name that feels right. If you're doing historical fiction, you would choose a very different kind of name.
ANDERSON: Yes.
POTTER: And I think with thrillers, it is about being sharp and kind of punchy. You need to tie your name to your genre.
ANDERSON: Joseph Conrad was called -- and I'm not going to try and pronounce it -- but it was a sort of Polish connotation of -- I think it was Konrad with a "K," but then there was a sort of Polish name at the bank end of it, so I guess, again, this will sell internationally better than the original name would at that.
I've got a conspiracy theory, here, though, that I want to put to you. We talked about whether the name is bigger than the story these days. If I were to suggest that the JK Rowling story is a publishing dream, that flushing out JK as the author of this book, once it's been well-received, albeit only read -- or only bought by 1500 people and only reviewed by 30.
Given that "A Casual Vacancy," which was her first sort of post-Harry Potter book, was pretty awful, is this about reviewing ahead of time a book by JK then flushing out the fact that it's her. She sells 500,000 percent more books. You can't get a hold of one. Do you know what I mean?
POTTER: Yes.
ANDERSON: I mean, how does the publishing, marketing world work?
POTTER: Well, they're very clever. And also, I think it -- from our point of view as writers, the fact that this story recently has -- it means more people are talking about books, and that's good for us generally.
But for her, I think she is -- she's said it's liberating writing as a man, and I think after her experience before of doing Harry Potter, that's kind of -- quite an interesting thing that she's done.
ANDERSON: Does it raise an eyebrow slightly?
(LAUGHTER)
POTTER: No, I think also -- I think it's no accident that the paperback's coming out in, I think, February --
ANDERSON: Right.
POTTER: -- so it's perfect timing. So I -- yes.
ANDERSON: OK. Which -- and I'm not going to push you on JK necessarily anymore, but I do want you to just give us a sort of sense or flavor of the world of publishing. And I'm holding up books here. I could be holding up my iPad tonight and show my Kindle, whatever.
It's a mysterious world, the world of publishing, that you only have to sell -- this book, "1984" has sold thousands of copies. But not necessarily millions and millions of copies.
POTTER: No.
ANDERSON: How does it work?
(LAUGHTER)
ANDERSON: How do you make money in publishing these days?
POTTER: How do they make money? Well, it -- I think it probably all tends to go to the big hits. So, obviously, JK is one of the biggest around. EL James would be another one who's really sort of gone well.
And I think in this day of globalization, your big hits are bigger. And then the sort of lower end is even smaller. So, before she was known as JK, she'd sold about 500 copies in Britain, and that's not unusual, that's a very -- that's actually quite a good sale, so that's the -- it's a good life, but it's a tough life.
ANDERSON: Ali Knight or Alison Potter, "One of the top ten crime writers or books to take on a holiday, a suspenseful, Hitchockian tale" as the first cut says for the "Daily Telegraph."
POTTER: Yes.
ANDERSON: Is this the latest one?
POTTER: That's right, yes. That's out now.
ANDERSON: Take that home and going to read that tonight. Ali, thank you.
POTTER: Thank you.
ANDERSON: Another name people can't wait to find out is that of the royal baby? Will it be Ali? Will it be Rebecca or Becky? And what will its gender be? I guess I'm not suggesting it'll be Ali or Beck, then I'm assuming it'll be a girl, but I don't know.
When the baby will be born is also something we do not know. It could be any day now, and London's so excited. We can't think of much else. Our Max Foster has already carved out that prime position outside St. Mary's Hospital and sends us this update.
He sends us this update because he is getting himself sorted. And now, he's there.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
MAX FOSTER, CNN ROYAL CORRESPONDENT: Well, after a huge amount of buildup to this story, of course, we do finally seem to be in the latter stages, at least. The only official world we had about the due date was mid July. We're now into that period. I've also been told that Prince William has been given the next few days off work, so he seems to be braced for the big moment as well.
Certainly, the world's media are ready. If you look at the pack of journalists and cameramen outside the hospital, every part of the world is represented here, all the US networks, for example, even Polish networks, five Polish networks have been here recording pieces, building up to this part in the fairy tale.
A fairy tale that started with a commoner meeting a prince, getting married, and of course, the next big step in that story is when they have a baby. All we need now is the baby to appear on the steps behind me.
Max Foster, CNN, London.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
ANDERSON: You'll be the first to know here on CNN. Well, as the media stake out the hospital, bookies are setting the odds for what the child's name will be, along with a range of other bets, including the baby's hair color. Our reporter has more on the current favorites.
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
ISA SOARES, CNN INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): Forget the horses or the greyhounds. Punters here in the UK are keenly placing bets on all things to do with the royal baby, from the future monarch's hair color to sex to weight, even to who's holding the baby when the couple emerges from the hospital.
The big money, however, is on the baby's name, with Queen Elizabeth II's middle name a clear favorite.
JENNIE PREST, WILLIAM HILL: Alexandra is the favorite at 7 to 2, and we saw quite a lot of money for that a good couple of months ago, and it's been a really solid favorite ever since, and Charlotte is probably the next popular name.
SOARES: To bring in more business, betting company William Hill is making the whole process slightly more female-friendly, with a royal baby coupon.
PREST: This is the type of bet that girls would like to have an interest in. And everybody's got an opinion, haven't they? Everybody likes to think, oh, I think it's a boy, I think it's a girl, I like this name. And this is just giving people an opportunity to put their money where their mouth is.
SOARES: With more female customers having a punt, the selection is greater, from the hair color, where ginger is an option, to which magazine will get the first picture rights of the baby.
PREST: So far, we've taken upwards of 70,000 pounds over all the different bets that we're offering, which we'll obviously -- if she holds on a bit longer, we're expecting to take more and more in the next few days.
SOARES: High expectations, then, for both punters and the mother herself.
Isa Soares, CNN, London.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
ANDERSON: Our Christiane Amanpour has been speaking to Margaret Rhodes, who is the cousin and confidante of Queen Elizabeth to get an insider's view. Have a listen.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
MARGARET RHODES, QUEEN ELIABETH'S COUSIN: So, like yesterday, she was here, having a drink.
CHRISTIANE AMANPOUR, HOST, "AMANPOUR": Yesterday? Right where we are?
RHODES: Yes.
AMANPOUR: She was here having a drink with you.
RHODES: Yes.
AMANPOUR: That's nice.
RHODES: Quite often she comes in after church for half an hour, three quarters of an hour an just has a nice little drink and a chat.
(END VIDEO CLIP)
ANDERSON: Catch that full interview in a special edition of "Amanpour" live from Buckingham Palace, that's coming up right after the show, 10:00 PM in London, 11:00 in Berlin.
Before we go tonight, your Parting Shots, and would you dare do this?
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
(JET ENGINE)
(END VIDEO CLIP)
ANDERSON: Well, above Russia, more than 100 female daredevils set a new record. The skydivers from the all-women Pearls of the Sky team jumped together from planes to form the pattern of a flower mid-air.
The women dedicated the jump to a former captain who died in a group of skydiving stunts last year. Irina Sinitsina had a -- led them to a previous 88-person record in 2012. This time, the team left one space open in the center representing her. Amazing stuff.
I'm Becky Anderson, that was CONNECT THE WORLD. From the team here, it's a very good evening. CNN, though, continues. Don't go away.
END
