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Quest Means Business

Violence in Egypt; Egypt Trade Struggles; Ending the Violence; Marikana Apology; Marikana Remembered; Rosalia Mera Dies; Violence in Egypt; U.S. Stock Markets; Spy Bin Ban; Craft Brewing in Western Cape; Women in Africa

Aired August 16, 2013 - 14:00   ET

THIS IS A RUSH TRANSCRIPT. THIS COPY MAY NOT BE IN ITS FINAL FORM AND MAY BE UPDATED.

MAGGIE LAKE, HOST: A deadly day of anger. At least 17 people killed in fresh clashes in Egypt.

Foreign business flees the country. In a moment, we'll speak to the head of one of Egypt's biggest companies.

And remember the massacre. The owner of the Marikana mine says sorry one year on.

I'm Maggie Lake, and this is QUEST MEANS BUSINESS.

Good afternoon from New York. Egypt's Muslim Brotherhood warned today would be a day of anger, and it has been filled with anger, tension, and uncertainty. Gunfire and teargas filled the air as supporters of ousted president Mohamed Morsy marched into the city.

As one of Egypt's bloodiest weeks draws to a close, state TV reported that at least 17 people were killed and more than 40 were wounded in clashes today. Security forces fired teargas at a mass of people on a bridge leading to Ramses Square. A state-run newspaper reported a police officer was killed at a checkpoint in the suburb of New Cairo southeast of the capital.

Well, our team has taken up a safe position and the government-ordered curfew in the capital started an hour ago. CNN's Frederik Pleitgen is in downtown Cairo for us tonight. Fred, a lot of confusion, a lot of varying reports coming throughout the day. Can you tell us what you saw?

FREDERIK PLEITGEN, CNN INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: Yes, there was a lot of confusion and a lot of varying reports, and the reason for that was because the Muslim Brotherhood marches during what they call this day of rage came from several different locations.

And so, you had these clashes that went on and are still going on in Ramses Square. You can still see that there's a building on fire there in Ramses Square. And also, we've been hearing from the authorities as you said that 17 people there were killed in those clashes that involved teargas. The Muslim Brotherhood also said that live fire was used in those as well.

There's a field hospital and a field morgue that have been set up there by the supporters of the ousted president, Mohamed Morsy, and those clashes were going on for a very long time. People were also injured, there, from buckshot as well. That is something that the police here use to try and disperse crowds.

So, what was going on in that area is that the Muslim Brotherhood and the Morsy supporters were trying to get in there. The pro-government forces were trying to stop them, and that's where that confrontation happened.

However, there were a lot of other very big marches that went on here in the Cairo area. I followed one of them from Nasr City, which is a Morsy stronghold, and that march was tens of thousands of Morsy supporters.

Now, that march came to an area I would say about three kilometers, maybe four kilometers away from Ramses Square, and then they were confronted by security forces as well as civilian pro-government forces, and they then are now doing a sit-in.

So, at this point, there's no clashes being reported from there. That march has been stopped, and it really is tens of thousands of people, a very, very large crowd, and they are now saying that they're not budging from that area.

Of course, as you said, a curfew is in place right now, so the government right now is saying that it will try and get people off the street. It's hard to see how they would do that with so many people. But in total, it is a very chaotic situation here in Cairo.

And at the same time, of course, you have this curfew, which really makes the city an eerie place, if you will. We went here to our safe location as the night was sort of falling, and you had all sorts of civilian checkpoints popping up.

You had people with baseball bats out in the street, they were clearly pro- government, starting up little checkpoints, checking cars, checking parked cars. It really is a situation of uncertainty, and one where you just do not feel safe out in the streets, Maggie.

LAKE: That does not sound good at all, Fred. The government put this curfew into effect. You mentioned that one parade, that one group of people, the protest that you were following specifically has -- now started a sit-in.

I wanted to get a sense, have most of the crowds, have most of these protesters, in effect, stayed, defied the curfew? Is that where we're at right now, or is the sense that many of them have left to resume tomorrow? What's the situation right now, from you can tell. I understand information's hard to come by.

PLEITGEN: Yes. Yes, exactly. The information is still somewhat chaotic in all parts of Cairo. The information that we're getting right now is that most of those protesters have stayed on, that there is a large crowd, that that big protest march is simply staging a sit-in now where it was stopped, where it was confronted by those security forces as well as the civilians that are loyal to the Egyptian government and are against the ousted president Mohamed Morsy.

We are still hearing gunfire sporadically ring out throughout the city. We're not sure whether that's live, whether that's teargas rounds being fired, but we are still hearing that as well. There's still helicopters over the city.

And so, we can see that there are still clashes going on around Ramses Square, so there are still those people out there as well. It seems to us from our vantage point, from what we've seen today, that most of the people who were taking part in those protest marches are still out in the streets either sitting in or still clashing with the security forces in downtown Cairo.

So it is still a situation where most of those people are out there. However, those are isolated areas. There's -- the protest march is big, but it is still isolated areas. By and large, the city is a very eerie and quiet place with those pro-government civilians manning those checkpoints and really having a very aggressive posture, if you will, with anyone that moves through there, Maggie.

LAKE: It sounds like a very tense situation, Fred. Be sure to stay safe --

PLEITGEN: It is.

LAKE: -- as well as the rest of the team. We'll check in with you a little bit later, Fred Pleitgen there from Cairo for us.

Amid all of the violence and unrest, Egyptian businesses are trying to stay in business amidst a state of emergency. We've seen foreign companies suspending operation to protect their workforces. These are major brands we've all heard of: Toyota, GM, Shell, Heineken, and Electrolux.

They're losing tens of thousands of dollars in lost production. Egypt is Africa's third-biggest car producer behind South Africa and Morocco. It produced about 57,000 cars last year. And as Egypt's perceived riskiness rises, so do bond yields.

Let's bring in a man who's well aware of the impact. Naguib Sawiris is the executive chairman of one of Egypt's biggest companies, ORASCOM telecom. He's also a political figure as the founder of the anti-Morsy Free Egyptian party. He is on the phone because he says he is being targeted in Cairo.

Mr. Sawiris, thank you very much for joining us today. First of all, can you describe the situation on the ground as you have seen it throughout the day? Are services disrupted? Have you had to close any of your operations?

NAGUIB SAWIRIS, EXECUTIVE CHAIRMAN, ORASCOM (via telephone): This is the weekend in Cairo, as you know, it's Friday, so -- and they're under curfew at the same time, so where we are now, there's very little. It's quite quiet. We don't see these clashes. They are in sporadic areas.

But definitely you're absolutely right, we are in no atmosphere of constructive business or work. We need to -- told all our people that we understand that they can't come to work. It's not a very nice situation we're having here. We are being -- I think the Muslim Brotherhood is punishing Egypt.

LAKE: How long do you feel like the Egyptian economy can withstand this? If everything has ground to a halt, how long can this continue?

SAWIRIS: As you know, we have been helped by our Arab brothers, the Emirates and Saudi Arabia and Kuwait have given Egypt $12 billion. I think this money will take us for a year until we can resume normal business and normal work, and it's quite appreciated.

But we need to work on reconciliation and finding a solution here. But the problem is that the Muslim Brotherhood have resorted to violence. They've burned 20 churches, they ransacked more than 30 police stations and killed generals and police officers in all. So, it's going to be difficult to find reconciliation if ones have resulted to violence.

LAKE: What is the way forward, from someone who is on the other side of the political spectrum? How can you get to a point of reconciliation? Many people on the outside are concerned this is a situation that look more like it's headed towards some sort of civil war. Are you concerned about that?

SAWIRIS: Look. A civil war is never between 90 percent of the population and 10 percent of the population. It's just very sad that nobody wants to understand that 20 or 30 million Egyptians went down and refused a religious state, refused a dictatorship and a fascist president, and this gets discounted very easily.

Democracy is the power of the people. The people have elected to overthrow this religious, fascist regime. So, reconciliation can only happen if the Muslim Brotherhood stopped trying to take Egypt as a ransom, stopped burning churches, stopped attacking police stations and resolve to a peaceful discussion where we can find a solution as brothers here.

But we have to apply the rule of law and order. We can't just say, OK, we will forgive a killer or a terrorist or someone who burnt a church and like that. It's not -- there's no country in the world who would have been tolerant to the extent of the aggression and terror they are doing right now.

LAKE: You -- founder of the Free Egyptian party, you are the founder of the Free Egyptian party. It seems like right now, despite what you say, you are at a standstill. Are you providing financial assistance to the military regime right now? What is your role?

SAWIRIS: No, we are not providing any assistance, because it's not our job to ensure that Egypt is secure and the security of the city and the country, it's the job of the Minister of Interior and the army. But we are concerned about our country and we're willing to do what ever it takes to restore peace.

But as I said, we welcome any suggestions, but any suggestions must respect the laws which apply not only Egypt, anywhere in the world, any other place in the world, if you burn a church -- 20 churches in one day or you shoot at police, he will shoot back. So, give us a solution and we will apply it, and it does work like that.

LAKE: Naguib Sawiris, chairman of ORASCOM, we thank you very much for joining us today and sharing your perspective with us.

SAWIRIS: You're welcome. Thank you. Bye.

LAKE: Well, France and Germany have called for an EU foreign ministers' meeting next week to discuss a coordinated response to Egypt's actions. Mohamed El-Erian, the CEO of PIMCO, grew up in Egypt, he knows its problems well. He joins us live from Newport Beach in California.

Mohamed, it's great to see you today. I'm sure this is such a concern, of course, for everyone watching the situation. I'm going to ask you the same thing I just asked Mr. Sawiris, who is there.

When you look at the situation from the outside, do you see a way forward toward some sort of resumption of talks, some sort of reconciliation, or are you concerned this is moving more in the direction of civil war?

MOHAMED EL-ERIAN, CEO, PIMCO: So, it's a very tragic and sad situation, and when I view it from the outside, of course I'm concerned, and I am concerned that if we're not careful, we may find that the most populous country in the Middle East ends up in or near a civil war situation.

Let me explain -- it's not just about the violence and the casualties you're seeing, but every day that this continues, Egypt slips further away from economic, social, and political stability.

For example, yes, it may have $12 billion available from Arab governments, but that is just in necessary conditions, not sufficient. The poor people in particular are being very hard-hit by what's going on in Egypt.

So, every day this continues, every day national reconciliation takes a hit, it makes the recovery process even more challenging.

LAKE: Mohamed, you have said that there are no institutions, there are no anchors, there are no institutions to help with the process. What do you mean by that?

EL-ERIAN: So, normally, you look to checks and balances in the system that can bring people together. It can be the ballot box. It can be the rule of law. There's lots of ways to bring people together to resolve conflict, and what you need are strong institutions that underpin this process.

For a very long time, Egypt's institutions were corrupted. Most of them were basically designed to serve the privileged few and not the many, and therefore, they are not credible, nor do they have the ability to respond quickly to the empowerment of the person in the street, which is what the revolution has done.

So, Egypt lacks these anchors, lacks these institutional anchors. So, that's why you need leaders. But unfortunately, Egypt doesn't have leaders, either, and therefore, we end up in the mess that you're seeing right now.

LAKE: And it is a very precarious situation. The US has condemned the violence but has not withdrawn aid yet, although there is pressure building this afternoon, just from Republican senators coming out, urging the US to cut off. EU will be meeting next week.

How critical is that line of aid, not just coming from Middle East neighbors, but from other parts of the world in terms of keeping Egypt afloat while they try to find a way forward?

EL-ERIAN: I think so far the administration has taken a very wise approach. And President Obama's speech yesterday will go down in history as one of the wisest and most balanced approaches. He made it very clear that the US is concerned. He canceled the joint exercises, which is a big deal for the Egyptian military.

And he also reached out to the Egyptian people and said we are with you, we're not with a particular party, we are with you. So, I think that's really important.

But at the end of the day, the US has to walk a very delicate balance, a balance between retaining influence, but also recognizing that it does not have effective tools. This is a problem, Maggie, that has to be solved by Egyptians in Egypt, and the rest of the world has to step back, be supportive, provide advice, but recognize that ultimately, the solution has to come from within Egypt.

LAKE: Mohamed El-Erian from PIMCO, thank you very much, Mohamed, for joining us and sharing your particular expertise on this issue. We appreciate it.

EL-ERIAN: Thank you.

LAKE: Well, South Africa commemorates its bloodiest labor dispute since the fall of apartheid.

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LAKE: Thousands gathered in Marikana to remember those killed by police gunfire last year. The head of the Lonmin mining company has apologized to the families.

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LAKE: The head of the Lonmin mining company has apologized to the families of the striking miners killed in South Africa a year ago today. Thirty-four workers were gunned down in a hail of police gunfire during a strike over better wages and living conditions. It was South Africa's bloodiest labor dispute since the end of apartheid.

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LAKE: Today, thousands of people gathered at the mine to mark the anniversary and remember the victims. Many say they will continue to fight for better working conditions.

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ETOO SINANU, MARIKANA MINER (through translator): The only thing that can make us be at peace and forgive is if we can get the money we want. The men that died here will also rest in peace.

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LAKE: The country's ruling ANC party pulled out of the memorial ceremony at the last minute. Opponents of President Jacob Zuma have criticized the government's handling of the incident, but a year on, and the violence continues.

On Monday, a union representative was shot dead near the Marikana mine. The National Union of Mine Workers confirmed the fatal shooting of a female employee.

A year on, the government probe into the shooting is still incomplete, and the Marikana community is still struggling to cope with the loss of life and of jobs, as Nkepile Mabuse reports.

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NKEPILE MABUSE, CNN INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: An emotional and moving ceremony here in Marikana, South Africa, to mark the deaths of 34 protesting mine workers who were gunned down by police exactly a year ago. The names of the dead were read out, and then a moment of silence was observed at exactly the same time as when the gunfire started last year.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Please just remain silent.

MABUSE: Thousands of Lonmin platinum mine workers who survived that attack ominously gathered on a hilltop where they used to gather during that strike that lasted a total of six weeks, the CEO of Lonmin using this occasion to apologize to the families of those who died.

BEN MAGARA, CEO, LONMIN: We will never replace your loved ones. And I say we are truly sorry for that.

MABUSE: Lonmin recently announced several initiatives aimed at improving the lives of ordinary people here in Marikana. The people here tell me that 12 months since that dramatic shooting, life hasn't changed for them.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: We're suffering, and we never get what we need until up to today.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: There is no change so far since last year.

MABUSE: Conspicuously absent at this event, which was the only one commemorating that day that many here say changed South Africa forever was the ruling African National Congress. Its provincial office here sent out a press statement saying that it considers the ceremony illegitimate because it wasn't organized by the government, meaning the ruling ANC.

They also criticized the fact that opposition politicians were given a platform here, they say, potentially to criticize the ruling party. As you can imagine, there is a lot of anger towards the ANC in this community, many people still blame the ANC for the killings that took place last year.

And some even going as far as saying -- as comparing the ANC to the white minority government of apartheid, saying even they didn't attend commemoration ceremonies of the killing black people fighting for democracy.

Nkepile Mabuse, CNN, Marikana, South Africa.

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LAKE: Coming up, this Spanish seamstress who founded a retail empire. Next, the remarkable life of Rosalia Mera.

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LAKE: Rosalia Mera, the world's richest self-made female entrepreneur, has died. Mera co-founded retail giant Inditex, the parent company of the hugely successful Zara fashion chain. Our Isa Soares has more. She joins me now, live from London. And Isa, it's amazing when you look at this woman, it really is a real-life rags-to-riches story in every sense, isn't it?

ISA SOARES, CNN INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: Absolutely, Maggie. It's just remarkable, her life, what she's been able to achieve. And to make things even more remarkable, I must say, is the fact that she was humble, she was down-to-earth, she was hard-working.

And I'm sure people will say, in order to achieve what she's achieved, which is a fortune of $6.1 billion, you have to work very hard. But Maggie, she started -- she left school at 11 years of age, she became a seamstress at 13. Then she really learned the art of the craft behind the fashion industry.

Then she met her husband, who is one of the richest men in the world, the fourth-richest man in the world, in fact, and together, they started designing lingerie and robes from their house. Then they branched out and they opened Zara.

In that time, they decided to open a holding company, they've got a holding company that you mentioned briefly, called Inditex. And I want to you show you, really, how big Inditex is, for those of us -- for those people who don't know exactly what brands they have.

And there you have: you have Zara, Pull & Bear, Massimo Dutti, Bershka, very, very big companies all over the world, particularly so in Europe. And just if I put it into context for you, last year, they made $21 billion in sales from those brands. So, it's a huge company.

But really, what's very interesting about this, Maggie, is that I had the opportunity to speak to one of the businessman that she's known over the years, and I spoke to her -- to him about three hours ago, and he said, "I've got nothing bad to say about her. She was incredibly hard-working, incredibly generous, and really just very, very humble."

And it's very sad to see what's happened, but it really goes to show that you don't have to go to university or get a degree to really achieve great things.

LAKE: If you're one those special people, I suspect. She really did change retailing with that runway fashion for the masses, too. So, extraordinary all around. Isa, thank you so much for sharing that with us.

Well, protesters defy a nighttime curfew in Egypt. We'll cross live to Cairo for the latest on the ongoing unrest gripping the capital. Stay with us.

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LAKE: Welcome back, I'm Maggie Lake in New York, the headlines this hour. Violence has erupted again on the streets of Cairo with state media reporting that 17 people have been killed and more than 40 wounded. Security forces fired teargas at protesters who had gathered for a Friday of anger in support of deposed president Mohamed Morsy.

An ocean rescue is said to be nearly complete off of Cebu, Philippines after a ferry boat with some 700 people onboard collided with a cargo ship. According to Reuters, 13 people are dead, but 690 people have been rescued.

Zimbabwe's opposition MDC party has withdrawn its legal challenge to President Robert Mugabe's reelection. The party said it had not received crucial information from the electoral commission and would not get a fair hearing.

The Indian government is holding out little hope for 14 sailors still missing in a submarine that caught fire after an explosion this week. Four severely burned bodies were recovered from the vessel, which sank while docked in Mumbai. Officials say they may not be able to recover all of the remaining crew members.

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LAKE: Let's return to our top story this hour. Thousands of protesters are defying a dusk-to-dawn curfew now in effect in major cities across Egypt. The government says it will deal firmly with anyone who breaches it. It follows a day of violence that erupted after mass protests, mostly by supporters of deposed president, Mohammed Morsy.

Earlier this week, hundreds were killed in clashes sparked by a government crackdown on pro-Morsy demonstrators. Our reporters on the ground are experiencing the tension first-hand. As you can see, our senior correspondent, Reza Sayah, had to abandon plans for a live shot after being approached by a group of people on the street.

Reza joins me now from central Cairo.

Reza, we were talking to Fred just a short time ago and from what he could tell -- and we understand information is hard to come by right now -- it looks as though many of those protesters are, in fact, defying the curfew.

REZA SAYAH, CNN CORRESPONDENT: At least some are. It's 8:30 pm local time, Maggie. That means the curfew has been in effect for about 90 minutes. And it looks like it's working in quieting down and clearing most neighborhoods. But we're monitoring state TV. And according to their reports, there's some activity in a number of neighborhoods. There's an office building on fire. So it looks like some protesters are still out in defiance of this curfew in what was another bloody and violent day, where more Egyptians were injured and more Egyptians were killed. There's all sorts of signs that the violence here in Egypt is intensifying in this country. It's sliding deeper and deeper into turmoil. And what's alarming is at this point, there's no sign of anyone having any kind of solution to end this conflict. There are conflicting death tolls; the Associated Press is reporting 60 people killed. The government says at least 17 people killed and 40 injured. We can tell you we were traveling around Cairo today, and our crew witnessed at least 40 to 50 people injured. They appear to have been shot by bullets and bird shot. This was all part of a day dubbed "Friday of anger" by the Muslim Brotherhood and supporters of the ousted president Mohammed Morsy. It was their response to the bloody and brutal government crackdown launched on Wednesday against their demonstrations that killed hundreds of people. Today was their way of saying, we're not down and we're continuing to fight. But clashed erupted. They had plans of marching from different locations in Cairo to a final destination in Ramses (ph) Square. But security forces, heavily armed, had blocked a number of thoroughfares to that location. And that's where the clashes took place. And what makes reporting on these clashes so difficult, it's virtually impossible to figure out who fires first. Security forces and the government repeatedly say it's the protesters firing first and protesters saying security forces firing first.

But certainly, the violence seems to be escalating, Maggie.

LAKE: And Reza, I want to just quickly get a sense from you on -- in the terms of the mood on the street, we know that not only did you witness things happening today, but you and your team were also hassled a bit.

Does it seem like this is organized with two different sides who are against each other?

Or is this sort of evolving into a more chaotic situation, a more dangerous situation for everyone?

SAYAH: I think it's the latter. You're seeing a lot of chaos, a lot of anger; emotions are running high and increasingly you're seeing a warlike mentality, an us-against-them attitude. If they perceive your reporting to be in their favor, they like you; if they don't perceive that, they're not going to like you reporting on the streets. It's very difficult.

And, again, if you take a step back and look at this conflict, the interim government their mission is to push forward with a smooth transition into a democratically elected government. They say they want an inclusive government; presumably that means the Islamists and the Muslim Brotherhood. But the way things are going, I don't know how in the world they're going to get the Muslim Brotherhood and leaders of this movement to be part of this government, just too much violence going on right now and no sign of that violence ending, Maggie.

LAKE: And Reza, all of you there, witness to it. We do ask you to please stay safe throughout the night. We will check in with you later.

Reza Sayah there for us, live from Cairo.

We have a lot more coming up; consumer confidence in the U.S. is falling, so are markets. We'll be live from the New York Stock Exchange after the break.

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LAKE: U.S. stocks are headed for their second straight weekly drop. Consumer confidence figures out today are doing little to support equities. The index dipped this month from the six-year high it hit back in July.

Alison Kosik is at the New York Stock Exchange watching it all for us.

Alison, this has been a tough couple of weeks. But I do hear that volume is pretty light.

ALISON KOSIK, CNN BUSINESS CORRESPONDENT: Yes, although yesterday the volume was a little more than it had been in the previous days. You're seeing stocks now extend their losses.

Let's go ahead and start with those confidence numbers. The latest University of Michigan Consumer Sentiment Reading showed a sizable drop this month, actually pulling back from a six-year high in June. It looks like Americans' view of current economic conditions showed a big decline.

However, the survey director said the decrease wasn't large enough to reverse the broader view that the economy will continue to expand. No part of the problem this month was apparently the anticipation of a hike in interest rates in the coming year.

As the market -- as I said, basically treading water, extending these losses. That sentiment reading combined with the mixed report on housing starts and building permits, kind of keeping investigators in limbo today.

It looks like the Dow is looking at its worst weekly loss since April. One analyst says there's an eerie calm that's settling over the markets. And as you know, it is normal to see weakness in August. But the losses have been driven lately by some lackluster economic figures. And there's also the worry hanging over investors when the Fed is going to pull back on its stimulus. And then what happened yesterday, the Walmart and Cisco (ph) earnings, it's the CEO saying the economy is challenging for their business, really spooking investors.

So, Maggie, I guess altogether with too much up in the air right now, no big reason to buy into stocks.

LAKE: And a lot to worry about if you're getting off on holiday, trying to lay on a beach towel, forget about it all, no luck with that.

All right, Alison, thank you so much. You try to have a good weekend.

KOSIK: You, too.

LAKE: It's pretty ugly on the markets, but I have to tell you, it comes against a backdrop of a lovely day here in New York. It doesn't get much better than this, the last few days.

Jenny Harrison is at the CNN International Weather Center and, Jenny, we have been really lucky. This is perfect summer weather.

JENNY HARRISON, CNN METEOROLOGIST: I know. You know why it's perfect, Maggie? Because it 's actually below the average for you up there in New York, temperatures very nice indeed.

Wish I could say the same about Atlanta. It's well below the average here, but not in a good way. I'll come on to that if I have time.

Meanwhile across in Europe, unfortunately we've got some pretty strong gales along with the rain across the northwest, pushing through Ireland, the U.K., on towards France and the Low Countries. One or two thunderstorms have been popping up in the last few hours as well, across into the northeast of Spain. it's actually warning in place there, continuing through Saturday. You can see the rain. You can just about pick out those thunderstorms as well. But for the most part, the story really is the heat, which is building up again across the southeast. There's high pressure, good clearing skies and then we've got more of those scattered showers across the north. And that's where the temperatures are on the lower side as well.

This is that warning set into Saturday morning, so the rest of Friday again we could see some strong winds around those thunderstorms, large, damaging hail. But it is pretty nice as well. Indeed you mentioned the beaches there with Alison Kosik. Well, look at this, because if you're in northern France, well, this could be the picture there in Dinar (ph) because again, some lovely blue skies, some very nice weather.

Now on Friday, some of the high temperatures, not as high as we have seen or felt them. Look at these, the low 30s, maybe the high 20s for Sofia, Bucharest, But in fact, with the high pressure positioned where it will be, we will see temperatures once again on the rise. Look at Belgrade. By Monday, the average is 27.

As for Vienna, sort of staying or coming back down again to the high 20s and Rome sticking at around 30-31 Celsius. So there's that heat building in the southeast. We've got the cooler air across the north. We've got the rain coming in across the north. But thunderstorms eventually dying away across the north and the northeast of Spain.

And then as the temperatures on Saturday, not too bad across the north, 21 in Copenhagen, 31 in Athens. Let's have a look at those temperatures right now. In 18 degrees Atlanta, 27 in New York -- it should be 31 in Atlanta. And I can show you very quickly, Maggie, that is what it looks like across on Centennial Park there, just out the window very close to where we are, CNN Center. But it should be lovely clear sunny skies. That (inaudible) what you have got there in New York. Enjoy it. You're very lucky.

LAKE: Thank you. Yes, get the woolies out that. That looks dreary and drab. It looks like March, not August.

Oh, what a shame. Right, Jenny, well, hang in there. Thank you so much, Jenny Harrison.

Well, you're not going to believe this one. Officials in London have asked the company to stop spying on people from rubbish bins. Yes. Ad firm Renew (ph) hid electronic listening devices in a dozen recycling bins around the city. They then started lifting information from mobile phones as people walked past. Jim Boulden has more.

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JIM BOULDEN, CNN CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): A bind with a little secret, a small number of the 200 new recycling bins dotted around London's financial district were doing more than taking trash, more than showing video ads. If you're in London doing some sightseeing or here for work, if you walked by one of these bins, chances are it was collecting data off your mobile device.

That is until people got wind that a company called Renew Orb (ph) was collecting the unique signal coming from some smartphones and other mobile devices. The company insists it was a limited trial and that it has now stopped. When it launched the trial in June, Renew Orb boasted it was collecting enough information to identify the manufacturer of each device. It thought potential advisers would want to know the market share of devices people used in the financial district. It's just that few people had heard about what they were doing.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: It's an invasion of privacy that most of the public are absolutely totally unaware of.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: If they use it for good things, then it doesn't matter.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: I don't know what they're taking from my phone exactly. And it's my phone. I have privacy.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: If somebody's taking information from me who hasn't asked my permission or if I haven't don't it voluntarily, no.

BOULDEN (voice-over): Renew Orb says it would not contravene any data protection principles and would only introduce the technology that could connect advertisers to each mobile device after public consultation.

BOULDEN: Renew Orb admits that current U.K. privacy laws may actually forbid it from rolling out this technology which means these bins could be worth nothing more than what's put in them -- Jim Boulden, CNN, London.

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LAKE: There's no place safe. That's QUEST MEANS BUSINESS. I'm Maggie Lake in New York. MARKETPLACE AFRICA continues on CNN.

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ROBYN CURNOW, CNN HOST: You're watching MARKETPLACE AFRICA. I'm Robyn Curnow. Now the number of people living on the African continent is hovering around the 1 billion mark. Most of them are young and yet to enter the job market. Now with its growing population and emerging middle class that means exciting times ahead for many industries. One in particular, the business of brewing and as I recently discovered, the one region of the Western Cape in South Africa is proving profitable for another beverage of choice.

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CURNOW (voice-over): This is wine country in South Africa, stilambosh (ph), just outside Cape Town. Some of the country's most popular wines are made here. But not far away from these vineyards, another popular drink is brewing up a storm, stealing some of the fanfare in this region.

JC STEYN, HEAD BREWER, DEVIL'S PEAK BREWING COMPANY: So it all starts with a malt. We used malted barley and we also use wheat and we use some rye as well.

CURNOW (voice-over): Devil's Peak Brewery is just one of the growing number of microbreweries in Cape Town. They make craft beer, which is traditionally produced by independent breweries on a much smaller scale than the multinationals.

STEYN: We then go through a process called mashing. And we add hops at different stages. And this is really the early hop additions would be for bitterness and your later hop additions would be for flavor and aroma. And once that process is done, it'll really sculpt how your beer's going to come out.

CURNOW (voice-over): The beermakers say they try to achieve unique and distinctive flavors, often by using local ingredients.

STEYN: You'll go to Cape Town and get the crop ears from Cape Town because they're so close to the brewery and they're so fresh and all those flavors are still very abundant. Once the ear travels, it totally diminishes those characters. So locality is very important in the craft brewing industry.

CURNOW (voice-over): South Africa's first microbrewery was Mitchell's Brewery, opening its doors in Cape Town in the early 1980s, almost three decades later it's still very popular, encouraging an industry that has taken off.

DAN BADENHORST, DEVIL'S PEAK: Well, there is a massive demand when we started off in a garage and (inaudible) system. From there, we bought our own 500-liter system and now we in this new 1,500-liter system we constantly, our biggest challenge has been keeping up with the demand.

CURNOW (voice-over): Beer culture in South Africa isn't new, with most consumers opting for industrial produced beer products. South African Brewery, a subsidiary of SAB Miller (ph), is the second largest brewer in the world and it accounts for more than a 90 percent share of the beer market in South Africa. But the little guys are making a mark. While the numbers vary, some estimate they're more than 50 microbreweries in South Africa. That's a number that's doubled in the last few years. And it's not only consumers who are finding this new trend appealing.

ROB HEYNS, MARKETING DIRECTOR, LEAGUE OF BEERS: When it comes to beer, we can have many different types of water. We can have many different types of malt. We can have many different types of hops and many different types of yeast. So when you take those combinations, the variety of products that you can create is infinite. So from a creative expression point of view, craft beer is amazing. It's exciting because we get to make this whole new recipe of beer that's never been done before. And that compared definitely with food and then once we've done that, then we can create this whole new label and decide how we want to package it. It's just, from the creative point of view, it's a lot of fun.

CURNOW (voice-over): Rob Heyns says he's always been passionate about craft beer and turned that passion into an online store, offering local and international craft beers to enthusiasts in South Africa.

HEYNS: (Inaudible). Pretty good beer there.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Yes, absolutely. How are you doing?

HEYNS: Yes, great.

CURNOW (voice-over): But he says craft beer still has a long way to go before it can take on the mass beer producers.

HEYNS: On a top level, the big beer companies are supporting craft beer because it helps bring more people to beer. On a ground level, it's always going to be tight (inaudible) and in the craft brewing, you're never going to be able to win hearts against one of the big brewers unless you, the consumer, ask for (inaudible) those beers. That's the best way that craft beer can win. And if it will make an impact on the big brewers.

CURNOW (voice-over): And craft beer brewers continue to make inroads, using beer festivals and (inaudible) events to raise the profile of their brands.

UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: I'm not usually a beer drinker, but I think the craft beers are maybe, slightly lighter for me as a female. So that (inaudible) many females who like beer. I like the cider, the (inaudible) cider was really good (inaudible) nice and light and just (inaudible).

CURNOW (voice-over): Greg Casey runs this restaurant in the Western Cape and holds several beer events throughout the year. He says craft beer is a great trend. It's about finding something special.

GREG CASEY, OWNER, BANANA JAM CAFE: It's not about volume consumption. It's become about flavor and about trying something that's a little bit more special, like a bottle of wine. So you're not looking for how much beer can I consume and how much it costs. You're looking for quality over quantity. And people are willing to pay for it.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: I really prefer craft beer to the standard commercial stuff that you get, just the variety that's available, the different range of flavors that you can get. So something that a mass produced beer, I don't think, will ever be able to give. And to all the people that put love into it and that there's been a lot more attention given to the products than what the mass produced beer.

CURNOW (voice-over): It's that kind of care craft beer makers hope will keep consumers coming back for more.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Well, you've got to be passionate about beer. I don't think it's -- if you're going into it for the money, you're not doing it for the right reason. For us, it's always been a passion. It's been wanting to show the South Africans what beer's about. But there's more to beer what they know at this stage.

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CURNOW: Boom time for beer then. Well, coming up after the break, South Africa's first female deputy president knows all too well the crucial role women play in Africa's future. And in her new job at the U.N., empowering women is not just a gender issue. It's an economic one as well.

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PHUMZILE MLAMBO-NGCUKA, E.D., U.N. WOMEN: So yes, there are a lot of times that, oh, don't we have our work cut for us? It is a lot that we still need to take.

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CURNOW: In many parts of the world, the sad truth is that women are still a commodity, sold into sexual slavery or just viewed as cheap labor. Gender equality is still a global challenge. For Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka, the newly appointed director of Women at the United Nations, this is not just a job; it's a personal mission as well.

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MLAMBO-NGCUKA: A lot has changed, a lot has remained the same. A lot has gotten complicated for women because now as much as we see women all over, you see women achieving significant things, making changes, a handful of women presidents, but actually we've got new violations in crimes against women.

If you think of trafficking of women, it's a (inaudible) pattern. A woman's life could be sent from one end of one country to another and many exchanging hands. If you think of cyber crimes and so on, and also you still have (inaudible) traditional crimes against women, the genital mutilation and those kinds of crimes.

So, yes, a lot has changed, but, oh, don't we have our work cut for us.

It is a lot that we still need to change.

CURNOW: How do you go about leading that change, because essentially you're the figure head now for women's rights globally.

How do you actually make significant change?

MLAMBO-NGCUKA: This work is done in the field, on the ground, in collaboration with partners. NGOs, as you know in the women's movement, are the make or break. Without working, without being able to collaborate with NGOs, these governments, we cannot do this work.

CURNOW: You were the deputy president of South Africa. How important is it for powerful women to make an extra effort to stand up for women's rights when they're in these positions?

MLAMBO-NGCUKA: Well, if you are a powerful woman, in a significant position, and you cannot make a difference to the ordinary woman, who have no one who's covering their back, I actually think that you don't deserve to be in that position.

CURNOW: You were part of Thabo Mbeki's (ph) government, the Harvard University study that came out said that government, your government, was responsible for more than 300,000 AIDS deaths because of Thabo Mbeki's anti-AIDS policies, essentially; 35,000 babies got aids unnecessarily because they weren't given AIDS drugs during your government.

I mean, did you not say enough, do you think, during those times?

MLAMBO-NGCUKA: At that time, we actually did not know a lot of people were HIV positive who did not have full-blown AIDS and who lived for a long time. Thankfully now, we know a lot of people who have gone through it. So we know now that when you could be HIV positive live healthy, eat nutritiously and you could live long. And I think somehow that was the message that unfortunately was lost in --

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CURNOW: Well, I think there was a sense in those days that the government was focusing so much on nutrition and not enough on the fact that AIDS drugs needed to be rolled out. And I think as the most senior woman in that cabinet, did you have a -- but did you lose your opportunity to say something?

MLAMBO-NGCUKA: Well, if you remember that I was the one who led SANAC and I think -- the South African National AIDS Council, which has provided a strategic plan that everybody's happy about. So I did put in my bids and we did have ongoing consultation with my colleagues about the things that we needed to change. And part of that was how we wanted to SANAC to work. And through the SANAC process, we were able to bring all the stakeholders. We were able to bring together a strategic plan for South Africa, 2011 to 2013, I think. And that is what is being implemented now. And it has made a big turnaround.

CURNOW: How do you see Africa in 10 years' time?

MLAMBO-NGCUKA: Well, you know, where we are now, we are experiencing growth. But that growth obviously does not translate to a better life for women automatically. We have got to work towards making that alignment. GDP growth doesn't only equal better life for the ones that are at the bottom of the pyramid. It takes extraordinary measures and interventions to make that happen.

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CURNOW: Well, there's no doubt that providing equal opportunities and earning potential for women is vital for Africa's growth.

That's it for this week's show. I'm Robyn Curnow. Thanks for watching.

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